Release/Format: Difference between revisions
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(further cleanup; show the parent/child relationships, move one other one to the leftovers table, remove the now-redundant Map To column) |
(add links and descriptions for ones missing such (that I could find)) |
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| [[WikiPedia:Compact_Disc|Compact Disc]] || || 1982 || Widespread || PCM, Avaialble in 120mm and 80mm formats. |
| [[WikiPedia:Compact_Disc|Compact Disc]] || || 1982 || Widespread || PCM, Avaialble in 120mm and 80mm formats. |
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| || [[WikiPedia:DTS-CD|DTS-CD |
| || [[WikiPedia:DTS-CD|DTS-CD]] || 1992 || Very Rare || a.k.a. 5.1 Music Disc -- DTS Audio |
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| || Data CD |
| || Data CD |
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| || [[WikiPedia:Blue Book (CD standard)|Enhanced CD]] || 1995 || Rare? Common? || a.k.a E-CD, CD-Extra, CD-Plus & CD+ -- combines music and data tracks |
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| || Enhanced CD |
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| || HDCD |
| || HDCD |
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| || [[WikiPedia:CD-R|CD-R]] || 1995 || Common? || Record-able CD |
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| || CD-R |
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| ||8cm CD |
| ||8cm CD |
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| ||[[wikipedia:Blu-spec CD|Blu-spec CD]] || 2008 || Common || PCM |
| ||[[wikipedia:Blu-spec CD|Blu-spec CD]] || 2008 || Common || PCM |
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| ||[http://shm-cd.jp SHM-CD] ([http://shm-cd.co-site.jp/about/ english]) (Super High Material CD) |
| ||[http://shm-cd.jp SHM-CD] || 2008 || Common || ([http://shm-cd.co-site.jp/about/ english]) (Super High Material CD) PCM |
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| ||HQCD |
| ||HQCD |
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| || [[WikiPedia:CD+G|CD+G]] || 1985 || Rare || Audio CD with Graphics, usually used for karaoke |
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| ||CD+G |
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| [[WikiPedia:Gramophone_record|Vinyl]] || || 1948/1957/1971 || Common || Vinyl / Quad Vinyl -- Is a simple evolution of gramophone record: Analog, with preemphasis and other equalization techniques (LP, RIAA). Lateral grooves, horizontal stylus motion. Monaural were created in 1948, then stereo vinyl came later in 1957 and Quad in 1971: analog, with preemphasis and other equalization techniques. Combination lateral/vertical stylus motion with each channel encoded 45 degrees to the vertical. |
| [[WikiPedia:Gramophone_record|Vinyl]] || || 1948/1957/1971 || Common || Vinyl / Quad Vinyl -- Is a simple evolution of gramophone record: Analog, with preemphasis and other equalization techniques (LP, RIAA). Lateral grooves, horizontal stylus motion. Monaural were created in 1948, then stereo vinyl came later in 1957 and Quad in 1971: analog, with preemphasis and other equalization techniques. Combination lateral/vertical stylus motion with each channel encoded 45 degrees to the vertical. |
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| ||12" Vinyl |
| ||12" Vinyl |
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| Digital Media || || Widespread || All born-digital releases, in any file format |
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| Digital Media |
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| [[WikiPedia:Compact Cassette|Cassette]]|| || 1963 || (still) common? || Analog, with bias, preemphasis, 1/8 inch wide tape, 17/8 inches/sec. 1970: introduced Dolby noise reduction. |
| [[WikiPedia:Compact Cassette|Cassette]]|| || 1963 || (still) common? || Analog, with bias, preemphasis, 1/8 inch wide tape, 17/8 inches/sec. 1970: introduced Dolby noise reduction. |
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| DVD |
| [[WikiPedia:DVD|DVD]] |
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| ||[[WikiPedia:DVD-Audio|DVD-Audio]] || 1999 || Rare? Common? || |
| ||[[WikiPedia:DVD-Audio|DVD-Audio]] || 1999 || Rare? Common? || |
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| ||[[WikiPedia:DVD|DVD-Video]] || 1997 || Widespread || |
| ||[[WikiPedia:DVD-Video|DVD-Video]] || 1997 || Widespread || |
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| [[WikiPedia:Super_Audio_CD|SACD]]|| || 1999 || Rare |
| [[WikiPedia:Super_Audio_CD|SACD]]|| || 1999 || Rare || Intended as successor to CD; generally regarded as a failure except by audiophiles |
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| || [[WikiPedia:Hybrid SACD|Hybrid SACD]] || || Rare || SACD which also contains audio playable in normal CD players |
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| ||Hybrid SACD |
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| [[WikiPedia:DualDisc|DualDisc]]|| || 2003 || Common? || An audio cd on one side (though not redbook), and a dvd on the other side |
| [[WikiPedia:DualDisc|DualDisc]]|| || 2003 || Common? || An audio cd on one side (though not redbook), and a dvd on the other side |
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| [[WikiPedia:Blu-Ray|Blu-ray]]|| || 2006 || Common || |
| [[WikiPedia:Blu-Ray|Blu-ray]]|| || 2006 || Common || |
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| [[WikiPedia:HD-DVD|HD-DVD]] |||| 2005 || Rare? || |
| [[WikiPedia:HD-DVD|HD-DVD]] || || 2005 || Rare? || |
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| [[Wikipedia:Videotape|Videotape]] || 1951 || Rare || Use for forms of videotape other than VHS or Betamax |
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| Videotape |
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| ||[[WikiPedia:VHS|VHS]] || 197X || Common || |
| ||[[WikiPedia:VHS|VHS]] || 197X || Common || |
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| ||[[WikiPedia:Betamax|Betamax]] || 1975 || Common? || 'Dolby Stereo' cinema surround sound. |
| ||[[WikiPedia:Betamax|Betamax]] || 1975 || Common? || 'Dolby Stereo' cinema surround sound. |
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| [[WikiPedia:Video CD|VCD]] || 1993 || Rare || Video CD -- Digital format, precursor to DVD |
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| VCD |
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| [[WikiPedia:CD Video|CDV]] || 1987 || Rare || CD Video -- Mixed analog/digital video/audio format; began to disappear by 1991 |
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| CDV |
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| || [[WikiPedia:Super Video CD|SVCD]] || 2000 || Rare? Common? || Super Video CD -- Chinese-developed alternative to DVD-Video; intended as successor to VCD; didn't succeed |
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| ||SVCD |
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| [[WikiPedia::Universal Media Disc|UMD]] || 2004 || Rare || Universal Media Disk -- a proprietary format used only by the PlayStation Portable; some movies were released on it |
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| UMD |
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| Other || || || Use for formats not otherwise listed |
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| Other |
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| || Cartridge || 1962/1965/1970 || Rare? || [[WikiPedia:4-track_cartridge|4 track]] / [[WikiPedia:8-track_cartridge|8 track]] / Quad 8 tracks -- Analog, 1/4 inch wide tape, 3 3/4 inches/sec, endless loop cartridge. Quad: 4 Channel Stereo. |
| || Cartridge || 1962/1965/1970 || Rare? || [[WikiPedia:4-track_cartridge|4 track]] / [[WikiPedia:8-track_cartridge|8 track]] / Quad 8 tracks -- Analog, 1/4 inch wide tape, 3 3/4 inches/sec, endless loop cartridge. Quad: 4 Channel Stereo. |
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| || [[WikiPedia:Phonograph_cylinder|Wax Cylinder]] || 1877 || Very |
| || [[WikiPedia:Phonograph_cylinder|Wax Cylinder]] || 1877 || Very Rare || Mechanical analog; "hill-and-dale" grooves, vertical stylus motion |
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| || [[WikiPedia:USB_flash_drive#Music_storage_and_marketing|USB flash drive]] || 2004 (as music format) || Common? || |
| || [[WikiPedia:USB_flash_drive#Music_storage_and_marketing|USB flash drive]] || 2004 (as music format) || Common? || |
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| || [[WikiPedia:Laserdisc|LaserDisc]] || 1978 || Rare? || |
| || [[WikiPedia:Laserdisc|LaserDisc]] || 1978 || Rare? || |
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| || [[WikiPedia: |
| || [[WikiPedia:Piano roll|Piano roll]] || 1883 || Very Rare || Mechanical digital |
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| || [[WikiPedia: |
| || [[WikiPedia:Digital Audio Tape|DAT]] || 1987 || Rare || |
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| || [[WikiPedia:Reel-to- |
| || [[WikiPedia:Reel-to-reel audio tape recording|Reel-to-Reel]] || 1930s || Rare || Analog; magnetization; "bias" dramatically increases linearity/fidelity |
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| || [[WikiPedia: |
| || [[WikiPedia:Digital Compact Cassette|DCC]] || 1992 || Very Rare || Digital Compact Cassette |
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| || [[WikiPedia:slotMusic|slotMusic]] || 2008 || Common? || slotMusic is a type of microSD memory card developed by SanDisk preloaded with music in DRM-free MP3 format and other content. The current selection of songs comes from EMI Music, Sony BMG, Universal Music Group, and Warner Music Group. |
| || [[WikiPedia:slotMusic|slotMusic]] || 2008 || Common? || slotMusic is a type of microSD memory card developed by SanDisk preloaded with music in DRM-free MP3 format and other content. The current selection of songs comes from EMI Music, Sony BMG, Universal Music Group, and Warner Music Group. |
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| [[WikiPedia:Microcassette|Microcassette]] [[WikiPedia:Minicassette|Minicassette]] || 1969 || Rare || Analog, 1/8 inch wide tape, mostly mono, some stereo. 2.4 cm/s or 1.2 cm/s. || Cassette |
| [[WikiPedia:Microcassette|Microcassette]] [[WikiPedia:Minicassette|Minicassette]] || 1969 || Rare || Analog, 1/8 inch wide tape, mostly mono, some stereo. 2.4 cm/s or 1.2 cm/s. || Cassette |
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| [[WikiPedia:Multitrack_recording|4 tracks/8 tracks/multitracks recording]] || ? || Very |
| [[WikiPedia:Multitrack_recording|4 tracks/8 tracks/multitracks recording]] || ? || Very Rare? || This is not in itself a physical format (may be performed on a variety of equipments, from tape based equipment to digital equipment and hard disks). Likely to be only available in studios, as professional equipments. || Other |
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| [[WikiPedia:Elcaset|Elcaset]] || 1976 || Rare || A short lived cassette format. || Cassette |
| [[WikiPedia:Elcaset|Elcaset]] || 1976 || Rare || A short lived cassette format. || Cassette |
Revision as of 02:40, 23 November 2014
This field describes which medium a release is distributed on. Normally a release will be distributed on multiple media with different catalog numbers and barcodes; each should have a separate release event.
The values may be:
Name | Date of creation | Rarity | Details | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Compact Disc | 1982 | Widespread | PCM, Avaialble in 120mm and 80mm formats. | |
DTS-CD | 1992 | Very Rare | a.k.a. 5.1 Music Disc -- DTS Audio | |
Data CD | ||||
Enhanced CD | 1995 | Rare? Common? | a.k.a E-CD, CD-Extra, CD-Plus & CD+ -- combines music and data tracks | |
HDCD | ||||
CD-R | 1995 | Common? | Record-able CD | |
8cm CD | ||||
Blu-spec CD | 2008 | Common | PCM | |
SHM-CD | 2008 | Common | (english) (Super High Material CD) PCM | |
HQCD | ||||
CD+G | 1985 | Rare | Audio CD with Graphics, usually used for karaoke | |
Vinyl | 1948/1957/1971 | Common | Vinyl / Quad Vinyl -- Is a simple evolution of gramophone record: Analog, with preemphasis and other equalization techniques (LP, RIAA). Lateral grooves, horizontal stylus motion. Monaural were created in 1948, then stereo vinyl came later in 1957 and Quad in 1971: analog, with preemphasis and other equalization techniques. Combination lateral/vertical stylus motion with each channel encoded 45 degrees to the vertical. | |
7" Vinyl | ||||
10" Vinyl | ||||
12" Vinyl | ||||
Digital Media | Widespread | All born-digital releases, in any file format | ||
Cassette | 1963 | (still) common? | Analog, with bias, preemphasis, 1/8 inch wide tape, 17/8 inches/sec. 1970: introduced Dolby noise reduction. | |
DVD | ||||
DVD-Audio | 1999 | Rare? Common? | ||
DVD-Video | 1997 | Widespread | ||
SACD | 1999 | Rare | Intended as successor to CD; generally regarded as a failure except by audiophiles | |
Hybrid SACD | Rare | SACD which also contains audio playable in normal CD players | ||
DualDisc | 2003 | Common? | An audio cd on one side (though not redbook), and a dvd on the other side | |
8cm CD+G | ||||
MiniDisc | 1991 | Common | ATRAC | |
Blu-ray | 2006 | Common | ||
HD-DVD | 2005 | Rare? | ||
Videotape | 1951 | Rare | Use for forms of videotape other than VHS or Betamax | |
VHS | 197X | Common | ||
Betamax | 1975 | Common? | 'Dolby Stereo' cinema surround sound. | |
VCD | 1993 | Rare | Video CD -- Digital format, precursor to DVD | |
CDV | 1987 | Rare | CD Video -- Mixed analog/digital video/audio format; began to disappear by 1991 | |
SVCD | 2000 | Rare? Common? | Super Video CD -- Chinese-developed alternative to DVD-Video; intended as successor to VCD; didn't succeed | |
UMD | 2004 | Rare | Universal Media Disk -- a proprietary format used only by the PlayStation Portable; some movies were released on it | |
Other | Use for formats not otherwise listed | |||
Cartridge | 1962/1965/1970 | Rare? | 4 track / 8 track / Quad 8 tracks -- Analog, 1/4 inch wide tape, 3 3/4 inches/sec, endless loop cartridge. Quad: 4 Channel Stereo. | |
Wax Cylinder | 1877 | Very Rare | Mechanical analog; "hill-and-dale" grooves, vertical stylus motion | |
USB flash drive | 2004 (as music format) | Common? | ||
LaserDisc | 1978 | Rare? | ||
Piano roll | 1883 | Very Rare | Mechanical digital | |
DAT | 1987 | Rare | ||
Reel-to-Reel | 1930s | Rare | Analog; magnetization; "bias" dramatically increases linearity/fidelity | |
DCC | 1992 | Very Rare | Digital Compact Cassette | |
slotMusic | 2008 | Common? | slotMusic is a type of microSD memory card developed by SanDisk preloaded with music in DRM-free MP3 format and other content. The current selection of songs comes from EMI Music, Sony BMG, Universal Music Group, and Warner Music Group. |
(*) Rarity is just a rough indication of availability as consumer products - values are: "Very Rare", "Rare", "Common", "Widespread"
Other items from the list I'm not sure how to fit in
Name | Date of creation | Rarity | Details | Map to |
Wire recording | 1898 | Rare | Analog; magnetization; no "bias" | Other |
Microcassette Minicassette | 1969 | Rare | Analog, 1/8 inch wide tape, mostly mono, some stereo. 2.4 cm/s or 1.2 cm/s. | Cassette |
4 tracks/8 tracks/multitracks recording | ? | Very Rare? | This is not in itself a physical format (may be performed on a variety of equipments, from tape based equipment to digital equipment and hard disks). Likely to be only available in studios, as professional equipments. | Other |
Elcaset | 1976 | Rare | A short lived cassette format. | Cassette |
VinylDisc | 2007 | Rare? | It is made from two fused layers; the silver layer contains the digital information (either in CD or DVD format) and the upper layer has a record groove, meaning it can be played on any record-player. | Other? DualDisc? |
SD card | ? | ? | Any type of SD card can be used for music. If slotMusic is just a branded form of SD card, then perhaps that should just be renamed. | Other? Digital? |
Gramophone record | 1895 | Common | Mechanical analog; lateral grooves, horizontal stylus motion. The terms LP record (LP, 33, or 33-1/3 rpm record), EP, 16-2/3 rpm record (16), 45 rpm record (45), and 78 rpm record (78) refers to specific types of gramophone records | Vinyl |
Partial list of digital audio formats
- 1985 Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF)
- 1985 Sound Designer (by Digidesign)
- 1992 WAVEform (WAV)
- 1992 Dolby Digital surround cinema sound (AC-3)
- 1992 Adaptive Transform Acoustic Coding (ATRAC)
- 1993 Digital Theatre System (DTS)
- 1993 Sony Dynamic Digital Sound (SDDS)
- 1995 MP3
- 1999 Windows Media Audio (WMA)
- 1999 The True Audio Lossless Codec (TTA)
- 2000 Free Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC)
- 2001 Advanced audio coding (AAC)
- 2002 Ogg Vorbis
- 2004 Apple Lossless (ALE or ALAC)
More information
- The original ticket that led to our implementation is 2565
- Mailing list discussion is here
- Wikipedia has a list of Audio Formats