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== Medieval Stick Zither == |
== Medieval Stick Zither == |
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Medieval Stick Zither type veena. gradually replacing the previous harp and short-neck lute type, many folk instruments are these. principal types are alapini vina, ekatantri vina, and kinnari vina.<br> |
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Medieval Stick Zither type veena |
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Veena: |
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=== Folk Stick Zither === |
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Of note is tuila, kullutna rajan, and also the <u>jantar</u>, which are Folk Stick-zithers |
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=== The Bīn === |
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=== Fretless Stick Zither === |
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The Vicitrā vīṇā is the northern fretless instrument, it is a Stick Zither, but this is actually of the hybrid bīṇ sitār type: it has a wide neck (about 10 cm) which is D shaped with the sympathetic strings' pegs set in the side. The neck ends in an integrated wood resonator, often carved like a peacock's head, in some cases it is smaller and pear-shaped, in others it is larger like the sitar's. The hollow neck has two large bottle-gourds screwed into the back. The main strings are tuned in descending 4th and 5ths, the slider (baṭṭā) is a glass egg. |
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== Saraswatī Vīṇā == |
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=== History === |
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=== Fretless Gourd-lute === |
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Chitra vina is.. |
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=== Sitar === |
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== Modern Veena == |
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Mohan... |
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== Bowed Chordophones == |
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=== === |
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== Table of Veena: == |
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<table border="1"> |
<table border="1"> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<table border="1"> |
<table border="1"> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td>jantar</td> |
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<td>Chikara [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5097384 wd] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chikara_(instrument) en] [https://tickets.metabrainz.org/browse/INST-955 jira]</td> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/ |
<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20200302184607if_/https://digitalstamp.suppa.jp/musical_instruments_j/jantar_rajasthan.png</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td> |
<td>rudra veena</td> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/ |
<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20200206001418if_/https://graphic.nobody.jp/musical_picture/veena_rudra.jpg</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td>vichitra veena</td> |
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<td>'''Sursingar''' [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2372387 wd] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sursingar en] [https://musicbrainz.org/instrument/efca0287-2791-4209-b29b-1019891cb8d2 mb] hybrid plucked north indian classical lute invented c1800 by jaffar khan (seniya family)<br> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20200206001415if_/https://graphic.nobody.jp/musical_picture/veena_vichitra.jpg</td> |
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resonator, front and bridge from sitar, upperpart of neck/pegboard like the '''rabab''', tuned and played like '''rabab''', plectrum like sitar.<br> |
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</tr> |
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(clearly this is a sitar/rabab hybrid)<br></td> |
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<tr> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20200206002205if_/https://saisaibatake.ame-zaiku.com/musical/instruments/sursringar_i.jpg</td> |
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<td>saraswati veena</td> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20200206001410if_/https://graphic.nobody.jp/musical_picture/veena_saraswati.jpg</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<td>chitra veena</td> |
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<td>Cell 2</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<td>hansa veena<br> |
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original indian slide guitar</td> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20200206001429if_/https://saisaibatake.ame-zaiku.com/gakki/imgi2/hansa_veena.png</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<td>mohan veena</td> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20200206001422if_/https://saisaibatake.ame-zaiku.com/musical/instruments/mohanveena.jpg</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<br> |
<br> |
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modern:<br> |
modern:<br> |
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most common: <u>Hindustani concert sitar</u> aka tarafdar sitar ( |
most common: <u>Hindustani concert sitar</u> aka tarafdar sitar (single gourd and double gourd)<br> |
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: has sympathetic strings, this is mostly commonly just called sitar and is the standard made <br> |
: has sympathetic strings, this is mostly commonly just called sitar and is the standard made <br> |
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<u>sada sitar</u> (plain or practice sitar)<br> |
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<u>kachva sitar</u> muhammad khan developed the surbahar from this, name probably a ref to the part of the gourd its used from.<br> |
<u>kachva sitar</u> muhammad khan developed the surbahar from this, name probably a ref to the part of the gourd its used from.<br> |
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</td> |
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<td> |
<td>https://staticbrainz.org/irombook/sitar/sitar.png</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td>kachva sitar |
<td>kachva sitar</td> |
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<td>Cell 2</td> |
<td>Cell 2</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td>tanpura aka tambura aka tanpur (etc)</td> |
<td>tanpura aka tambura aka tanpur (etc)</td> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/ |
<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20160114205226if_/https://digitalstamp.suppa.jp/musical_instruments_t/tanpura.gif</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td>Afghan rubab [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1640934 wd] [https://beta.musicbrainz.org/instrument/7e42e637-c7b4-422c-ad56-f7fafbd961bb mb]<br> |
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<td>saraswati veena</td> |
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(Kabuli rebab)</td> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20200206001410if_/https://graphic.nobody.jp/musical_picture/veena_saraswati.jpg</td> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20191221043431if_/https://digitalstamp.suppa.jp/musical_instruments_r/rabab_arabia.gif</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td>Seni rebab [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7450625 wd] [https://beta.musicbrainz.org/instrument/9869ff82-9ba5-41a7-b2b2-e19f4e4a1083 mb]</td> |
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<td>vichitra veena</td> |
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<td>Cell 2</td> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20200206001415if_/https://graphic.nobody.jp/musical_picture/veena_vichitra.jpg</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td>'''Sursingar''' [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2372387 wd] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sursingar en] [https://musicbrainz.org/instrument/efca0287-2791-4209-b29b-1019891cb8d2 mb] hybrid plucked north indian classical lute invented c1800 by jaffar khan (seniya family)<br> |
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<td>rudra veena</td> |
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resonator, front and bridge from sitar, upperpart of neck/pegboard like the '''rabab''', tuned and played like '''rabab''', plectrum like sitar.<br> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20200206001418if_/https://graphic.nobody.jp/musical_picture/veena_rudra.jpg</td> |
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(clearly this is a sitar/rabab hybrid)<br></td> |
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<td>https://staticbrainz.org/irombook/sursringar/sursringar.png</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td>sarod [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q687406 wd] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarod en] [https://beta.musicbrainz.org/instrument/97d2aa1e-b5e6-4930-ab0e-f2cfe508b253 mb]</td> |
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<td>mohan veena</td> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/ |
<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20160511013835if_/https://saisaibatake.ame-zaiku.com/gakki/imgi/sarod_i.gif</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td>swarabat [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7653835 wd] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swarabat en] [https://tickets.metabrainz.org/browse/INST-983 jira]<br> |
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<td>hansa veena<br> |
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sarod from the south</td> |
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?(novelty)</td> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/ |
<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20200317195216if_/https://digitalstamp.suppa.jp/musical_instruments_s/swarabat.jpg</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<td>Chikara [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5097384 wd] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chikara_(instrument) en] [https://tickets.metabrainz.org/browse/INST-955 jira]</td> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20191220143300if_/https://digitalstamp.suppa.jp/musical_instruments_c/chikara.jpg</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<td>kamayacha [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q87826372 wd] [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Kamayacha commons] mb!</td> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20191218175859if_/https://digitalstamp.suppa.jp/musical_instruments_k/kamaicha.gif</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td>taus </td> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20191228042044if_/https://digitalstamp.suppa.jp/musical_instruments_t/taus.gif</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<td>mayuri-vina<br></td> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20191223221916if_/https://digitalstamp.suppa.jp/musical_instruments_m/mayuri_veena.gif</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<td>dilruba<br> |
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Dilruba is a compacter, mobiler instrument, is based on the heavier Taus<ref name="esraj at en.wiki">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esraj#History</ref><br> |
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Guru Gobind Singh</td> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20191220220752if_/https://digitalstamp.suppa.jp/musical_instruments_d/dilruba.gif</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<td>esraj<br> |
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a kind of cross between sitar and sarangi, it is a modern variant of dilruba<ref name="Esraj på Svenskwiki">https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esraj</ref><br> |
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Ishwari Raj<br> |
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(how is related to svaraj?)</td> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20200206002214if_/https://graphic.nobody.jp/musical_picture/esraj_2.jpg</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<td>'''sarangi''' [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q608650 wd] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarangi en] [https://musicbrainz.org/instrument/79f5331d-d17c-4c2e-8ad0-44144432a754 mb]<br> |
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hindustani classical music<br> |
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there might be other types</td> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20200205230058if_/https://graphic.nobody.jp/musical_picture/sarangi_india_2.jpg</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<td>'''sarinda''' [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q348878 wd] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarinda en] [https://tickets.metabrainz.org/browse/INST-856 jira]<br> |
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Related to other folk fiddles like qobuz, saroz, sorud, surando, surinda, sareja, svaraj, banam, nepali sarangi.<br></td> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20191219134928if_/https://digitalstamp.suppa.jp/musical_instruments_s/sarinda.gif</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<td>nepali sarangi [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7423131 wd] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarangi_(Nepali) en] MB!(?)<br> |
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Type of lute, evolved from the Boat-shaped rabab (kabuli rabab)</td> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20191218153957if_/https://digitalstamp.suppa.jp/musical_instruments_s/sarangi_nepal.gif</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td>Cell 1</td> |
<td>Cell 1</td> |
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</table> |
</table> |
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== harplike/veena == |
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* taus/mayuri veena/b |
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* yazh |
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* saung/saung-gauk/ |
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<table border="1"> |
<table border="1"> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td>[[User:CatCat/yazh-yazhoo|yazh]]<br> |
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<td>taus </td> |
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< |
Mayil Yazh<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110927234750/http://www.chennaimuseum.org/draft/gallery/02/01/musinst2.htm</ref><br> |
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Vil Yazh<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110927234851/http://www.chennaimuseum.org/draft/gallery/02/01/musinst3.htm</ref></td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<td>mayuri-vina<br></td> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20191223221916if_/https://digitalstamp.suppa.jp/musical_instruments_m/mayuri_veena.gif</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<td>[[User:CatCat/yazh-yazhoo|yazh]]</td> |
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<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20191220095908if_/https://digitalstamp.suppa.jp/musical_instruments_y/yazh.gif</td> |
<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20191220095908if_/https://digitalstamp.suppa.jp/musical_instruments_y/yazh.gif</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
Latest revision as of 07:39, 25 March 2024
Veena or vina
Early history
Initially used as a name for any chordophone, ancient "veena" were musical bows with increasing strings such as
these later developed into Harp veena like yazh and the burmese saung gauk.
concordantly, short necked lutes originating from graeco-buddhist northwestern gandhara province. these where played standing but held variously, pearshaped pipa-like lutes appear in peninsular India, these were played sitting or standing. kaccapi vina is believed to be lute-type.
Medieval Stick Zither
Medieval Stick Zither type veena. gradually replacing the previous harp and short-neck lute type, many folk instruments are these. principal types are alapini vina, ekatantri vina, and kinnari vina.
Folk Stick Zither
Of note is tuila, kullutna rajan, and also the jantar, which are Folk Stick-zithers
The Bīn
Fretless Stick Zither
The Vicitrā vīṇā is the northern fretless instrument, it is a Stick Zither, but this is actually of the hybrid bīṇ sitār type: it has a wide neck (about 10 cm) which is D shaped with the sympathetic strings' pegs set in the side. The neck ends in an integrated wood resonator, often carved like a peacock's head, in some cases it is smaller and pear-shaped, in others it is larger like the sitar's. The hollow neck has two large bottle-gourds screwed into the back. The main strings are tuned in descending 4th and 5ths, the slider (baṭṭā) is a glass egg.
Saraswatī Vīṇā
History
Fretless Gourd-lute
Chitra vina is..
Sitar
Modern Veena
Mohan...
Bowed Chordophones
Table of Veena:
Cell 1 | Cell 2 |
jantar | |
rudra veena | |
vichitra veena | |
saraswati veena | |
chitra veena | Cell 2 |
hansa veena original indian slide guitar |
|
mohan veena | |
sitar wd en mb hindustani sitar seems to have more in common with large uzbek dutar wd en mb than persian setar wd en mb
other sitar types: (distribution and related features suggest a common development)
kachva sitar muhammad khan developed the surbahar from this, name probably a ref to the part of the gourd its used from. |
|
kachva sitar | Cell 2 |
surbahar wd en mb effectively a bass sitar. invented c1820 by ghulam muhammad |
Cell 2 |
tanpura aka tambura aka tanpur (etc) | |
Afghan rubab wd mb (Kabuli rebab) |
|
Seni rebab wd mb | Cell 2 |
Sursingar wd en mb hybrid plucked north indian classical lute invented c1800 by jaffar khan (seniya family) resonator, front and bridge from sitar, upperpart of neck/pegboard like the rabab, tuned and played like rabab, plectrum like sitar. |
|
sarod wd en mb | |
swarabat wd en jira sarod from the south |
|
Chikara wd en jira | |
kamayacha wd commons mb! | |
pulluvan veena wd ge mb! | |
Cell 1 | Cell 2 |
taus | |
mayuri-vina |
|
dilruba Dilruba is a compacter, mobiler instrument, is based on the heavier Taus[2] |
|
esraj a kind of cross between sitar and sarangi, it is a modern variant of dilruba[3] |
|
sarangi wd en mb hindustani classical music |
|
sarinda wd en jira Related to other folk fiddles like qobuz, saroz, sorud, surando, surinda, sareja, svaraj, banam, nepali sarangi. |
|
nepali sarangi wd en MB!(?) Type of lute, evolved from the Boat-shaped rabab (kabuli rabab) |
|
Cell 1 | Cell 2 |
Cell 1 | Cell 2 |
harplike/veena
- taus/mayuri veena/b
- yazh
- saung/saung-gauk/
yazh Mayil Yazh[4] |
|
saung gauk |
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saraswati_veena#History
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esraj#History
- ↑ https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esraj
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20110927234750/http://www.chennaimuseum.org/draft/gallery/02/01/musinst2.htm
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20110927234851/http://www.chennaimuseum.org/draft/gallery/02/01/musinst3.htm