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{{Proposal:CSGv2Navigation}}
|proposal=82
|discussion=
|champion=[[BrianFreud]]
|rfc=http://lists.musicbrainz.org/pipermail/musicbrainz-style/2009-February/007606.html
|rfv=
|status=Awaiting NGS implementation for final revision and passage.
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[[Proposal:CSGv2|The Classical Style Guidelines:]]
=The Work and Opus Identification Framework=
: [[Proposal:CSGv2/Work|CSG for Works]]: [[Proposal:CSGv2/Work/Title|Title]]
:: <h1>The Work and Opus Identification Framework</h1>


{{Proposal:CSGv2Navigation
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700;"
|tocAlternate = [[Proposal:CSGv2/Work/Title|Classical Work]]
|-
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #BBBBBB;" | [[Proposal:CSGv2/Work/Title|Classical Work]]
{{hanging cell
{{hanging cell
| color1 = DD6666
{{!}} color1 = DD6666
| cell1 = [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
{{!}} cell1 = [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
}}{{hanging cell
}}{{hanging cell
| color1 = BB6611
{{!}} color1 = BB6611
| color2 = 99CC44
{{!}} color2 = 99CC44
| color3 = CC88AA
{{!}} color3 = CC88AA
| color4 = 11CC99
{{!}} color4 = 11CC99
| color5 = 1166FF
{{!}} color5 = 9999FF
| cell1 = [[#Work_Form|Work Form]]
{{!}} cell1 = [[#Work_Form|Work Form]]
| cell2 = [[#Instrumentation_and.2For_voice_type.28s.29|Instrumentation and voicing]]
{{!}} cell2 = [[#Instrumentation_and.2For_voice_type.28s.29|Instrumentation and voicing]]
| cell3 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Key]]
{{!}} cell3 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Key]]
| cell4 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Scale]]
{{!}} cell4 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Scale]]
| cell5 = [[#Catalogue_Identifier.2C_Catalogue_Number.2C_and_Opus_Number|Catalogue and Opus]]
{{!}} cell5 = [[#Catalogue_Identifier.2C_Catalogue_Number.2C_and_Opus_Number|Catalogue and Opus]]
}}
}}
}}

|}


Most classical composers have their works contained either within opuses or catalogues. The Work and Opus Identification section of a CSG for Works title identifies a particular work and the catalogue or opus identifier to which the work belongs.
Most classical composers have their works contained either within opuses or catalogues. The Work and Opus Identification section of a CSG for Works title identifies a particular work and the catalogue or opus identifier to which the work belongs.


''In all framework descriptions, new elements inserted into the framework by the current section are indicated with bolded text and a violet background.''


__TOC__
== Basic framework ==

The basic framework includes the work type, the instrumentation, the key, the scale, and the catalogue or opus identification.

== Basic Framework ==
The basic framework includes the work type, the instrumentation, the key, the scale, and the catalogue or opus identification.


=== Theory ===
=== Framework ===
<br/>
{|
{|
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Work Type
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Work Form
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Instrumentation and/or voice type(s)
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s)
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Key
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Key
Line 44: Line 59:
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} |
|-
|-
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Work Type
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Work Form
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Instrumentation and/or voice type(s)
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s)
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Key
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Key
Line 64: Line 79:
==== Work Form ====
==== Work Form ====
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700; font-size: 80%"
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700; font-size: 80%"
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #DD6666;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #BBBBBB;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
{{hanging cell
{{hanging cell
| color1 = BB6611
| color1 = BB6611
Line 79: Line 94:
|}
|}



This is the form, or type, of the overall composition, such as 'Symphony'.
This is the form, or type, of the overall composition, such as 'symphony'.<ref>A list of common (and uncommon) work forms is [[Proposal:CSGv2/Resources#Work_Forms|available on the CSG resource page]].</ref>
* The form should normally be capitalized using '''sentence case''', e.g., 'Incidental music'.
# The form should normally be capitalized using '''sentence case''', e.g., 'Incidental music'.
# The form should almost always use the correct linguistic equivalent for whichever version of CSG for Works is being used. For example, if English CSG for Works is being used, 'Symphonie' would be incorrect, while 'Symphony' would be correct.
#: ''Note:'' This should '''not''' be understood to mean that [[Artist Intent]] is overidden. If the composer invented a ''new'' name for the composition's form, then that name should be used '''untranslated'''. 'Symphonie fantastique' would be correct in English CSG for Works, whereas 'Fantastic symphony' would not.




''A list of common (and uncommon) work forms is [[Proposal:CSGv2/Resources#Work_Forms|available on the CSGv2 resource page]].''
----
----


==== Instrumentation and/or voice type(s) ====
==== Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s) ====
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700; font-size: 80%"
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700; font-size: 80%"
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #DD6666;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #BBBBBB;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
{{hanging cell
{{hanging cell
| color1 = BBBBBB
| color1 = BBBBBB
Line 102: Line 119:
}}
}}
|}
|}

This is a listing of the instruments and/or vocal types found in the overall composition.

This is a listing of the instruments and/or vocal types<ref>A list of all standard and opera vocal types can be found on the [[Proposal:CSGv2/Resources#Vocal_Classifications|CSG resource page]].</ref> found in the overall composition.


# '''Instruments and vocal types should always be lowercased''', unless the instrument's name itself contains a proper name.
# '''Instruments and vocal types should always be lowercased''', unless the instrument's name itself contains a proper name.
# For multiple instruments or voices, the '''quantities should be indicated using Arabic numerals''', not spelled out.
# For multiple instruments or vocal types, the '''quantities should be indicated using Arabic numerals''', not spelled out.
# For listings of three or more instruments and/or voices, '''use a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_comma serial comma]'''.
# For listings of three or more instruments and/or vocal types, '''use a [[wikipedia:Serial_comma|serial comma]]'''.
# When listing more than 2 instruments and/or vocal types, '''spell out 'and'''' (or its linguistic equivalent). '''Do not use an ampersand'''.
# When listing more than 2 instruments and/or vocal types, '''spell out 'and'''' (or its linguistic equivalent). '''Do not use an ampersand'''.
# For a case which the count is singular (1 of something), '''do not indicate singular counts'''.
# For a case which the count is singular (1 of something), '''do not indicate singular counts'''.
# No particular ordering is ''more'' correct. However, if an instrument is featured in the composition, it should be listed first.
# No particular ordering is ''more'' correct. However, if an instrument is featured in the composition, it should be listed first.
# Certain work types imply an instrument, e.g. a 'concerto' is defined as a composition for solo instrument and orchestra. Thus, any concerto should always have 'orchestra', listed last, in the instruments list.


:{| style="border:0;"
! style="text-align:left;" | Incorrect
! style="text-align:left;" | Correct
|- style="border-top:1px solid;"
| style="border:0;" | Piano
| style="border:0;" | piano
|-
| style="border:0;" | Two flutes
| style="border:0;" |2 flutes
|-
| style="border:0;" | piano, 2 organs and cello
| style="border:0;" | piano, 2 organs, and cello
|-
| style="border:0; padding-right:4em;" | 3 pianos, 2 organs, 4 tenors, & soprano
| style="border:0;" | 3 pianos, 2 organs, 4 tenors, and soprano
|-
| style="border:0;" | 1 viola and 2 cellos
| style="border:0;" | viola and 2 cellos
|-
| style="border:0;" | Concerto for orchestra and piano
| style="border:0;" | Concerto for piano and orchestra
|-
| style="border:0;" | Concerto for violin
| style="border:0;" | Concerto for violin and orchestra
|}


:; Incorrect:
:# Piano
:# Two flutes
:# piano, 2 organs and cello
:# 3 pianos, 2 organs, 4 tenors, & soprano
:# 1 viola and 2 cellos
:# Concerto for orchestra and piano
:; Correct:
:# piano
:# 2 flutes
:# piano, 2 organs, and cello
:# 3 pianos, 2 organs, 4 tenors, and soprano
:# viola and 2 cellos
:# Concerto for piano and orchestra


''A list of all vocal types can be found [[Proposal:CSGv2/Resources#Vocal_Classifications|on the CSGv2 resource page]].''
----
----


==== Key and Scale ====
==== Key and Scale ====
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700; font-size: 80%"
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700; font-size: 80%"
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #DD6666;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #BBBBBB;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
{{hanging cell
{{hanging cell
| color1 = BBBBBB
| color1 = BBBBBB
Line 145: Line 177:
}}
}}
|}
|}
This is the key and scale in which overall composition is composed.<ref>Some work forms, such as a symphony, can change key and/or scale within or between movements. For such works, use the initial key and scale of the first movement, unless there is good reason to use a different key and scale. However, '''always''' stay consistent; do not use the key of the first movement but the scale of the third movement.</ref>


* The key and scale should always '''stay consistent with the language being used for the title''', e.g., '''do not''' use the French 'La dièse majeur' in a German CSG for Works title.
* '''Keys should always be uppercased''', unless it is more musicologically correct within the particular language that minor keys be lowercased. e.g. 'si minore'.
* '''Scales should always be lowercased''', unless it is more musicologically correct within the particular language that minor keys be uppercased. e.g. 'His-Dur'.
* When keys are written in English, "sharp" and "flat" must always be lowercased and linked to the key with a hyphen ('E-flat'). For other languages, use whatever hyphenation and/or spacing is most musicologically correct.


This is the key and scale in which overall composition is composed.<ref>Some work forms, such as a symphony, can change key and/or scale within or between movements. For such works, use the initial key and scale of the first movement, unless there is good reason to use a different key and scale. However, '''always''' stay consistent; do not use the key of the first movement but the scale of the third movement. For the special case of ''modulating'' keys, modes, and/or scales, see the [[#Modulating_Keys.2C_Modes.2C_and.2For_Scales|applicable advanced structure]].</ref>
''For English, French, German, Italian, Russian, and Spanish CSG for Works titles, [[Proposal:CSGv2/Resources#Keys_and_scales_in_commonly_used_languages|the keys and scales reference list on the CSGv2 resource page]] is the '''definitive''' listing with regards to capitalization, spelling, spacing, and hyphenation.''

# The key and scale should always '''stay consistent with the language being used for the title''', e.g., '''do not''' use the French 'La dièse majeur' in a German CSG for Works title.
# '''Keys should always be uppercased''', unless it is more musicologically correct within the particular language that minor keys be lowercased. e.g. 'si minore'.
# '''Scales should always be lowercased''', unless it is more musicologically correct within the particular language that minor keys be uppercased. e.g. 'His-Dur'.
# When keys are written in English, "sharp" and "flat" must always be lowercased and linked to the key with a hyphen ('E-flat'). For other languages, use whatever hyphenation and/or spacing is most musicologically correct.

Examples of correct capitalization and punctuation for keys and scales in various languages may be found on the [[Proposal:CSGv2/Resources#Keys_and_scales_in_commonly_used_languages|CSG resource page]].


----
----


==== Catalogue Identifier, Catalogue Number, and Opus Number ====
==== Catalogue Identifier, Catalogue Number, and Opus Number ====
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700; font-size: 80%"
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700; font-size: 80%"
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #DD6666;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #BBBBBB;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
{{hanging cell
{{hanging cell
| color1 = BBBBBB
| color1 = BBBBBB
Line 163: Line 199:
| color3 = BBBBBB
| color3 = BBBBBB
| color4 = BBBBBB
| color4 = BBBBBB
| color5 = 1166FF
| color5 = 9999FF
| cell1 = [[#Work_Form|Work Form]]
| cell1 = [[#Work_Form|Work Form]]
| cell2 = [[#Instrumentation_and.2For_voice_type.28s.29|Instrumentation and voicing]]
| cell2 = [[#Instrumentation_and.2For_voice_type.28s.29|Instrumentation and voicing]]
Line 171: Line 207:
}}
}}
|}
|}


Some classical composers, especially the more well known ones, have had their works catalogued by another person.<ref>[[Cataloguer Relationship Type]] can be used to link these cataloguers with the [[Artist|artist]] whom they catalogued.</ref> These catalogues often have quite long names, and thus standard abbreviations are used for them, e.g., 'BWV' or 'KV'. The catalogue abbreviation should be used<ref>This '''overrides''' [[Abbreviation Style]]; catalogue identifiers '''should''' be abbreviated.</ref>, with the catalogue's number for the work then following.
Some classical composers, especially the more well known ones, have had their works catalogued by another person.<ref>[[Cataloguer Relationship Type]] can be used to link these cataloguers with the [[Artist|artist]] whom they catalogued.</ref> These catalogues often have quite long names, and thus standard abbreviations are used for them, e.g., 'BWV' or 'KV'. The catalogue abbreviation should be used<ref>This '''overrides''' [[Abbreviation Style]]; catalogue identifiers '''should''' be abbreviated.</ref>, with the catalogue's number for the work then following.
:; Examples: BWV 954
; Examples: BWV 954
:: HWV 295
: HWV 295
: K. 509 No. 1
Alternately, some composers catalogue themselves using [[WikiPedia:Opus_number|opus numbers]]. An opus can contain only a single composition, or many, each also individually numbered.

:* Opus should always be abbreviated 'Op.' (including the period).<ref>This '''overrides''' [[Abbreviation Style]]; Opus '''should''' be abbreviated.</ref>

:; Example: The opus contains only one composition: Op. 88
Alternately, some composers catalogue themselves using [[WikiPedia:Opus_number|opus numbers]].
:: The opus contains multiple compositions: Op. 116 No. 1
; Example: The opus contains only one composition: Op. 88
: The opus contains multiple compositions: Op. 116 No. 1
: Note: Opus should always be abbreviated 'Op.' (including the period)<ref>This '''overrides''' [[Abbreviation Style]]; Opus '''should''' be abbreviated.</ref>.


# A catalogue or opus number can refer to only a single composition, or to many, each individually numbered within the catalogue or opus number.
#* ''Reference [[Proposal:CSGv2/Work/Title/Work_and_opus_identification#abbreviating_number|Abbreviating 'number']] for more information on how the word "number" should be indicated.''
# Some composers have had multiple catalogues made of their works. Such catalogues, if they are considered definitive (and are not musicologically unimportant) may each be listed in the [[Work|work]] title, each catalogue identifier separated by ' / ' (space forward-slash space).
# Some rare movements have two catalogue numbers from within the same catalogue; one for the movement, and one for the overall composition. The catalogue number which should be used at this point is the one assigned to the overall composition.



* ''Some rare movements have two catalogue numbers from within the same catalogue; one for the movement, and one for the overall composition. The catalogue number which should be used for this part of the CSG for Works framework is the one assigned to the overall composition.''
* ''Some composers have had multiple catalogues made of their works. Such catalogues, if they are considered definitive (and are not musicologically unimportant) may each be listed in the [[Work|work]] title, each catalogue identifier separated by ' / '.''
----
----

=== Application ===
=== Application ===
<br/>
Applied, the basic framework then looks like this:
Applied, the basic framework then looks like this:



{|
{|
! {{CSGStyle}} | Work Type
! {{CSGStyle}} | Work form
! {{CSGStyle}} | for
! {{CSGStyle}} | for
! {{CSGStyle}} | Instrumentation and/or voice type(s)
! {{CSGStyle}} | instrumentation and/or vocal type(s)
! {{CSGStyle}} | in
! {{CSGStyle}} | in
! {{CSGStyle}} | Key
! {{CSGStyle}} | Key
! {{CSGStyle}} | Scale
! {{CSGStyle}} | scale
! {{CSGStyle}} | ,
! {{CSGStyle}} | ,
! {{CSGStyle}} | Catalogue Identifier and Number
! {{CSGStyle}} | Catalogue Identifier and Number
Line 213: Line 262:
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | K. 186e / KV 191
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | K. 186e / KV 191
|}
|}



{|
{|
! {{CSGStyle}} | Work Type
! {{CSGStyle}} | Work form
! {{CSGStyle}} | for
! {{CSGStyle}} | for
! {{CSGStyle}} | Instrumentation and/or voice type(s)
! {{CSGStyle}} | instrumentation and/or vocal type(s)
! {{CSGStyle}} | in
! {{CSGStyle}} | in
! {{CSGStyle}} | Key
! {{CSGStyle}} | Key
! {{CSGStyle}} | Scale
! {{CSGStyle}} | scale
! {{CSGStyle}} | ,
! {{CSGStyle}} | ,
! {{CSGStyle}} | Opus Number
! {{CSGStyle}} | Opus Number
Line 234: Line 282:
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | Op. 3
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | Op. 3
|}
|}

<br/>


== Advanced structure ==
== Advanced structure ==
Line 241: Line 291:


=== Numbered works ===
=== Numbered works ===
<br/>
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700;"
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700; font-size: 64%""
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #DD6666;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #BBBBBB;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
{{hanging cell
{{hanging cell
| color1 = BBBBBB
| color1 = BBBBBB
| color2 = BBBBBB
| color2 = F3DD2F
| color3 = BBBBBB
| color3 = BBBBBB
| color4 = BBBBBB
| color4 = F3DD2F
| color5 = BBBBBB
| color5 = BBBBBB
| color6 = BBBBBB
| color7 = BBBBBB
| color8 = F3DD2F
| cell1 = [[#Work_Form|Work Form]]
| cell1 = [[#Work_Form|Work Form]]
| cell2 = '''Numbered work form'''
| cell2 = [[#Instrumentation_and.2For_voice_type.28s.29|Instrumentation and voicing]]
| cell3 = [[#Instrumentation_and.2For_voice_type.28s.29|Instrumentation and voicing]]
| cell3 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Key]]
| cell4 = '''Numbered work form ''for<br/>instrument(s) and/or vocal(s)'''''
| cell4 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Scale]]
| cell5 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Key]]
| cell5 = [[#Catalogue_Identifier.2C_Catalogue_Number.2C_and_Opus_Number|Catalogue and Opus]]
| cell6 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Scale]]
| cell7 = [[#Catalogue_Identifier.2C_Catalogue_Number.2C_and_Opus_Number|Catalogue and Opus]]
| cell8 = '''Numbered composition within<br/>a catalogue number or opus'''
}}
}}
|}
|}


Many composers, in addition to opuses or catalogs, have had their works numbered. The number can identify fall in one of several places, however, depending on just what is being counted.


<u>'''Framework'''</u>
;Case 1:
:{|
| {{CSGStyle}} | Work form
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Work form number
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle}} | Instrumentation/vocals
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle}} | Key
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} | Scale
| {{CSGStyle}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle}} | Catalogue/Opus
|}
;Case 2:
:{|
| {{CSGStyle}} | Work form
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle}} | Instrumentation/vocals
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Work form for instrumentation number
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle}} | Key
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} | Scale
| {{CSGStyle}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle}} | Catalogue/Opus
|}
;Case 3:
:{|
| {{CSGStyle}} | Work form
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle}} | Instrumentation/vocals
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle}} | Key
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} | Scale
| {{CSGStyle}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle}} | Catalogue/Opus
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Number within [[#Catalogue_Identifier.2C_Catalogue_Number.2C_and_Opus_Number|Catalogue number or Opus]]
|}


'''Possible cases resulting in numbered works:'''

# The number may be counting a particular work type, regardless of instrumentation or vocal types, in which case it would be inserted between the Work Type and the Instrumentation.
# The number may be counting a particular work type paired with a particular instrumentation or vocal type(s), in which case it would be inserted between the Instrumentation and the Key.
# The number may be counting which work within an opus is being identified, in which case the work number would be added directly after the Catalogue or Opus identification. ''(Also reference [[#Catalogue_Identifier.2C_Catalogue_Number.2C_and_Opus_Number|Catalogue and Opus identification]].)''


<u>'''Applied'''</u>

{|
!
! {{CSGStyle}} | Work form
! {{CSGStyle}} | Work number<br/><center>''(case 1)''</center>
! {{CSGStyle}} | for
! {{CSGStyle}} | Instrumentation/vocals
! {{CSGStyle}} | Work for<br/>instrumentation number<br/><center>''(case 2)''</center>
! {{CSGStyle}} | in
! {{CSGStyle}} | Key
! {{CSGStyle}} | Scale
! {{CSGStyle}} | ,
! {{CSGStyle}} | Catalogue/Opus
! {{CSGStyle}} | Number within<br/>Catalogue/Opus<br/><center>''(case 3)''</center>
|- style="border-top:1px solid;"
| {{CSGStyle}} colspan="12" | '''''Case 1'''''
|-
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} | Symphony
| {{CSGStyle}} | <center>No. 5</center>
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle}} | orchestra
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle}} | B-flat
| {{CSGStyle}} | major
| {{CSGStyle}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle}} | K. 22
| {{CSGStyle}} |
|- style="border-top:1px solid;"
| {{CSGStyle}} colspan="12" | '''''Case 2'''''
|-
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} | Concerto
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle}} | piano
| {{CSGStyle}} | <center>No. 1</center>
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle}} | F
| {{CSGStyle}} | major
| {{CSGStyle}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle}} | K. 37
| {{CSGStyle}} |
|- style="border-top:1px solid;"
| {{CSGStyle}} colspan="12" | '''''Case 3'''''
|-
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} | Sonata
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle}} | piano
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle}} | F
| {{CSGStyle}} | minor
| {{CSGStyle}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle}} | Op. 2
| {{CSGStyle}} | <center>No. 1</center>
|-
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} | 12 German Dances
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle}} | orchestra
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle}} | C
| {{CSGStyle}} | major
| {{CSGStyle}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle}} | K. 567
| {{CSGStyle}} | <center>No. 12</center>
|- style="border-top:1px solid;"
| {{CSGStyle}} colspan="12" | '''''Cases 1 and 3 simultaneously'''''
|-
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} | Sonata
| {{CSGStyle}} | <center>No. 3</center>
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle}} | piano
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle}} | F
| {{CSGStyle}} | minor
| {{CSGStyle}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle}} | Op. 2
| {{CSGStyle}} | <center>No. 1</center>
|}


{| style="background-color:#FFFFBB; width: 80%; font-size:90%; margin-left:3em;" id="abbreviating_number"
| colspan="3" style="border:0; padding:1em;" |
====Abbreviating 'number'====
: Each language abbreviates the linguistic equivalent of 'number' differently. The correct abbreviation should be used, depending on whichever language version of CSG for Works is being used. '#', 'Number', and 'Num' should '''never''' be used.
: Do not mistake the character "º" (masculine ordinal<ref>To type a masculine ordinal (U+00BA): Windows: Alt+0186, Linux: Ctrl+Shift+U 00BA, Mac: [http://support.apple.com/kb/ht1518 See Apple's support]</ref>) with "°" (degree). The masculine ordinal character should always be used; the degree character should never be used.
: Note that Italian and Russian use '№' (numero sign<ref>To type a numero sign (U+2116): Windows: Alt+2116, Linux: Ctrl+Shift+U 2116, Mac: [http://support.apple.com/kb/ht1518 See Apple's support]</ref>), ''not'' 'N' plus the masculine ordinal.
|-
| style="border:0; vertical-align:top; width:20%;" |
:; English: No.
:; French: Nº
:; German: Nr.
| style="border:0; vertical-align:top; width:20%;" |
:; Italian: №
:; Portugese: Nº
| style="border:0; vertical-align:top;" |
:; Russian: № (This is also correct for any other cyrillic-using language.)
:; Spanish: Nº
|}



----
----

=== Named works ===
=== Named works ===
<br/>
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700;"
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700; font-size: 64%""
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #DD6666;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #BBBBBB;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
{{hanging cell
{{hanging cell
| color1 = BBBBBB
| color1 = BBBBBB
Line 266: Line 489:
| color3 = BBBBBB
| color3 = BBBBBB
| color4 = BBBBBB
| color4 = BBBBBB
| color5 = BBBBBB
| color5 = F3DD2F
| color6 = BBBBBB
| cell1 = [[#Work_Form|Work Form]]
| cell1 = [[#Work_Form|Work Form]]
| cell2 = [[#Instrumentation_and.2For_voice_type.28s.29|Instrumentation and voicing]]
| cell2 = [[#Instrumentation_and.2For_voice_type.28s.29|Instrumentation and voicing]]
| cell3 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Key]]
| cell3 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Key]]
| cell4 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Scale]]
| cell4 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Scale]]
| cell5 = '''Name'''
| cell5 = [[#Catalogue_Identifier.2C_Catalogue_Number.2C_and_Opus_Number|Catalogue and Opus]]
| cell6 = [[#Catalogue_Identifier.2C_Catalogue_Number.2C_and_Opus_Number|Catalogue and Opus]]
}}
}}
|}
|}


<u>'''Framework'''</u>
{|
| {{CSGStyle}} | Work Type
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle}} | Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s)
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle}} | Key
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} | Scale
| {{CSGStyle}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle}} | Catalogue Identifier and Number
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | "
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | (Common) Name
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | "
|}


A composition may be named. This may be an official name given by the composer, e.g., "[[WikiPedia:Tristan_und_Isolde|Tristan und Isolde]]", "[[WikiPedia:The_Seasons_(Haydn)|The Seasons]]", or "[[WikiPedia:A_London_Symphony|A London Symphony]]", or a name by which the work has come to be known (a 'common' name), e.g., the "[[WikiPedia:Symphony_No._41_(Mozart)|Jupiter]]" symphony.

# For works with a name, the name should be placed after the catalog or opus number.
# If there is a opus work number present, the name is placed after that as well.
# The name ought to be surrounded by quotation marks of the type correct for the CSG language style being used.
# If there is more than one name for a composition, within the quotes use ' / ' (space forward-slash space) to separate the names.
# The name should be capitalized according to the appropriate [[Capitalization Standard]] for that name's language.


; Examples:
: Symphony No. 41 for Orchestra in C major, K. 551 '''"Jupiter"'''
: Missa brevis No. 9 for Soloists, Chorus & Orchestra in C major, K. 196b / KV 220 '''"Spatzenmesse"'''
: Kantate, BWV 106 '''"Gottes Zeit ist die allerbeste Zeit / Actus tragicus"'''


[[Image:Attention.png]] Please note that this section is dealing with an entire composition with a name, and '''not''' with a named movement ''within'' a composition. Please reference [[Proposal:CSGv2/Work/Title/Movement_identification#Common_Identification|the Common Identification section of the Movement framework]] if you are dealing with a named movement rather than a named composition.



----
----

=== Variations based on other works ===
=== Variations based on other works ===
<br/>
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700;"
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700; font-size: 64%""
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #DD6666;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #BBBBBB;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
{{hanging cell
{{hanging cell
| color1 = BBBBBB
| color1 = BBBBBB
| color2 = BBBBBB
| color2 = F3DD2F
| color3 = BBBBBB
| color3 = F3DD2F
| color4 = BBBBBB
| color4 = BBBBBB
| color5 = BBBBBB
| color5 = BBBBBB
| color6 = BBBBBB
| color7 = BBBBBB
| cell1 = [[#Work_Form|Work Form]]
| cell1 = [[#Work_Form|Work Form]]
| cell2 = '''(Composer of basis work)'''
| cell2 = [[#Instrumentation_and.2For_voice_type.28s.29|Instrumentation and voicing]]
| cell3 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Key]]
| cell3 = '''Basis work'''
| cell4 = [[#Instrumentation_and.2For_voice_type.28s.29|Instrumentation and voicing]]
| cell4 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Scale]]
| cell5 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Key]]
| cell5 = [[#Catalogue_Identifier.2C_Catalogue_Number.2C_and_Opus_Number|Catalogue and Opus]]
| cell6 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Scale]]
| cell7 = [[#Catalogue_Identifier.2C_Catalogue_Number.2C_and_Opus_Number|Catalogue and Opus]]
}}
}}
|}
|}



----
Variations insert one CSG for Works title entirely into another. The work upon which the variations are based is referred to here as the ''basis work''.
=== Movements with multiple identifier numbers ===

{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700;"

! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #DD6666;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
<u>'''Framework'''</u>
{{hanging cell

| color1 = BBBBBB
If the composer who wrote the basis work is the same composer as the variations, then use:
| color2 = BBBBBB
:{|
| color3 = BBBBBB
| {{CSGStyle}} | Work Type
| color4 = BBBBBB
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | on
| color5 = BBBBBB
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Basis work
| cell1 = [[#Work_Form|Work Form]]
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| cell2 = [[#Instrumentation_and.2For_voice_type.28s.29|Instrumentation and voicing]]
| {{CSGStyle}} | Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s)
| cell3 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Key]]
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| cell4 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Scale]]
| {{CSGStyle}} | Key
| cell5 = [[#Catalogue_Identifier.2C_Catalogue_Number.2C_and_Opus_Number|Catalogue and Opus]]
| {{CSGStyle}} |
}}
| {{CSGStyle}} | Scale
| {{CSGStyle}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle}} | Catalogue/Opus
|}
|}

If it is '''not''' the same composer, then use:
:{|
| {{CSGStyle}} | Work Type
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | on
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Composer of basis work
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | :
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Basis work
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle}} | Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s)
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle}} | Key
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} | Scale
| {{CSGStyle}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle}} | Catalogue/Opus
|}


<u>'''Applied'''</u>

'''Same composer:'''
{|
| {{CSGStyle}} | Work form
| {{CSGStyle}} | on
| {{CSGStyle}} | Basis work
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle}} | instrumentation/vocals
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle}} | Key
| {{CSGStyle}} | scale
| {{CSGStyle}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle}} | Catalogue/Opus
|-
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | Symphony
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | on
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | Serenade No. 7 for Orchestra in D major, K. 249 "Haffner"
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | for
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | Orchestra
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | in
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | D
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | major
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | K. *248b / KV *250 NMA IV/11/7 No. 2
|}


'''Different composers:'''
{|
| {{CSGStyle}} | Work form
| {{CSGStyle}} | on
| {{CSGStyle}} | Composer of basis work
| {{CSGStyle}} | :
| {{CSGStyle}} | Basis work
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle}} | instrumentation/vocals
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle}} | Key
| {{CSGStyle}} | scale
| {{CSGStyle}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle}} | Catalogue/Opus
|-
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | Canon
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | on
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | Antonio Salieri
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | :
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | La fiera di Venezia: "Mio caro Adone"
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | for
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | 3 Voices in 1
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | in
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | C
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | major
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | K. 553
|-
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | Concerto
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | on
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | Dutch Traditional
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | :
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | "Wilhelmus van Nassau"
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | for
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | Bassoon
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | in
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | B-flat
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | major
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | K. 186e / KV 191
|-
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | Trio
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | on
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | André Ernest Modeste Grétry
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | :
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | Les mariages samnites: March "Dieu d'amour"
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | for
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | Violin, Viola, and Cello
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | in
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | E-flat
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | major
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle||1}} | Op. 3
|}



----
----

=== 'Super' opuses ===
=== Unusual catalog numbers: Anh, Anhang, Appendix, deest, desunt, vel, and WoO ===
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700;"
<br/>
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #DD6666;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700; font-size: 64%""
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #BBBBBB;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
{{hanging cell
{{hanging cell
| color1 = BBBBBB
| color1 = BBBBBB
Line 320: Line 694:
| color3 = BBBBBB
| color3 = BBBBBB
| color4 = BBBBBB
| color4 = BBBBBB
| color5 = BBBBBB
| color5 = 9999FF
| cell1 = [[#Work_Form|Work Form]]
| cell1 = [[#Work_Form|Work Form]]
| cell2 = [[#Instrumentation_and.2For_voice_type.28s.29|Instrumentation and voicing]]
| cell2 = [[#Instrumentation_and.2For_voice_type.28s.29|Instrumentation and voicing]]
Line 328: Line 702:
}}
}}
|}
|}


Within a catalog number, when dealing with more obscure or fragmentary works, the terms 'Anh', 'Anhang', 'Appendix', 'deest', 'desunt', 'vel', and 'WoO' will be sometimes be encountered.

; Anh or Anhang
: German for 'Appendix'
; Appendix
: The appendix to a classical composer's works list. This may contain such items as variant versions and/or arrangements of a composition numbered in the main listing, compositions of doubtful attribution, compositions which only exist in fragmentary or sketch form, spurious works, etc.
; deest
: Latin for 'not present'. These works are typically ones discovered after a composer's catalog is published. In some cases, where later editions of a composer's catalog are published, these works are deest for the initial catalog(s), but have assigned catalog numbers in the later edition(s). Occasionally, if it is decided that the work is perhaps spurious, then later editions may also remove a work from the catalog, such that the work originally had a catalog number, but later became deest.
; desunt
: Plural form of 'deest'.
; vel
: Latin for 'if you prefer'. This will be found between two work forms or catalog numbers.
:: Between two work forms, this indicates that, for the specific composition, the two forms were considered equivalent:
:: Between two catalog numbers, this indicates that the two compositions were assigned different catalog numbers, but are ''almost'', but not, the same. The "vel ..." section is sometimes omitted, but if it is present, the most correct catalog number includes it.
; WoO
: An abbreviation for 'Werk ohne Opuszahl' (German), which translates to 'Work without Opus number'. Like deest, this indicates works which are not otherwise cataloged.

# Works with an Anhung number should use the abbreviation 'Anh' (without a period).<ref>This '''overrides''' [[Abbreviation Style]]; catalogue identifiers '''should''' be abbreviated.</ref>
# None of these terms should be translated. If the catalog number includes "Appendix", then German CSG should use "Appendix". If the catalog number includes "Anhung", then English CSG should use "Anh".
# Note the spelling and capitalization for WoO. The abbreviated term is the German one, not the English translation. "WOO", "WwO", "Wwo", "Woo", etc. are not correct.

; Examples:
* Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart - Canonical Study, K. 73x/K2 '''''Anh''''' 109d
* Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart - Psalm in C major, K. 166h/KV '''''Anh''''' 23 / Fr 1774a (fragment): "In te Domine speravi"
* Johann Sebastian Bach - Partita, BWV '''''Anh''''' 78, "Wenn wir in höchsten Nöten sein"
* Sanctus for 4 Voices in E-flat major, K. 296c/K3 296b(discussion)/KV '''''deest'''''
:: This composition was not listed in the original or second edition Köchel catalogs. The third edition of the Köchel catalog listed in the discussion section of K3 296b, but did not assign it its own catalog number. Then the sixth edition of Köchel finally decided it was likely composed by Mozart, and assigned it K. 296c.
* Matthias Weckmann - Toccata '''''vel''''' praeludium in D minor
:: As Weckmann described it, when this work was composed, he considered a 'toccata' to essentially have become the same work form as a 'praeludium', thus the work could be considered to be of either work form.
* Johann Sebastian Bach - Cantata for 2 voices, mixed chorus, and orchestra, BWV 197a/7 '''''vel''''' 398 "Ehre sei Gott in der Höhe"
* Johann Sebastian Bach - Cantata for 2 voices, mixed chorus, and orchestra, BWV 398 "O Gott, du frommer Gott"
:: BWV 197a/7 vel 398 has a passage in the bass line which is lower by an octave than the version in BWV 197a/7, but otherwise the two compositions are identical.
* Johannes Brahms - Hungarian Dance for Four Hands in G minor, '''''WoO''''' 1 No. 1: Allegro molto




----
----

=== Non-European Scales ===
=== Non-standard Modes ===
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700;"
<br/>
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #DD6666;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700; font-size: 64%""
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #BBBBBB;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
{{hanging cell
{{hanging cell
| color1 = BBBBBB
| color1 = BBBBBB
Line 344: Line 757:
| cell3 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Key]]
| cell3 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Key]]
| cell4 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Scale]]
| cell4 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Scale]]
| cell5 = Mode
| cell5 = '''Mode'''
| cell6 = [[#Catalogue_Identifier.2C_Catalogue_Number.2C_and_Opus_Number|Catalogue and Opus]]
| cell6 = [[#Catalogue_Identifier.2C_Catalogue_Number.2C_and_Opus_Number|Catalogue and Opus]]
}}
}}
|}
|}



<u>'''Framework'''</u>
{|
| {{CSGStyle}} | Work Type
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle}} | Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s)
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle}} | Key
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} | Scale
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Mode
| {{CSGStyle}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle}} | Catalogue Identifier and Number
|}
{|
| {{CSGStyle}} | Work Type
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle}} | Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s)
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle}} | Key
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Mode
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} | Scale
| {{CSGStyle}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle}} | Catalogue Identifier and Number
|}
{|
| {{CSGStyle}} | Work Type
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle}} | Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s)
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle}} | Key
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Mode
| {{CSGStyle}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle}} | Catalogue Identifier and Number
|}
{|
| {{CSGStyle}} | Work Type
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle}} | Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s)
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Mode
| {{CSGStyle}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle}} | Catalogue Identifier and Number
|}
Works are assumed, by default, to use the seven note diatonic scale. This is the scale most frequently used in Western music, especially any music composed since the 15th century.<ref>[http://www.medieval.org/emfaq/misc/modality.html When did modal music give way to the modern key system?]</ref>

However, in some cases, an alternate [[WikiPedia:Musical_mode|mode]]<ref>[http://www.dolmetsch.com/musictheory25.htm#modes Music theory online : notes, harmonies & scales: Modes]</ref> may be indicated.<ref>[http://www.medieval.org/emfaq/misc/modes.html What were the twelve modes?]</ref> These can include the augmented, chromatic, whole tone, aeolian, pentatonic, octatonic, and diminished modes, to name only the more common ones. '''When needed, the key and scale should be modified to include the mode'''. Typically the mode will go after the scale, but in some cases (chromatic and whole tone), it is more grammatically and musicologically correct that it either precede or replace the scale.
;Examples:
:* B major diminished
:* C/C-sharp chromatic
----
----


=== Non-half tone keys ===
=== Microtones and non-diatonic full/half tone keys ===
<br/>
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700;"
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700; font-size: 64%""
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #DD6666;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #BBBBBB;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
{{hanging cell
{{hanging cell
| color1 = BBBBBB
| color1 = BBBBBB
Line 367: Line 835:
}}
}}
|}
|}


When dealing with alternate temperments<ref>[http://www.dolmetsch.com/musictheory27.htm Music theory online : pitch, temperament & timbre]</ref> or microtones<ref>[http://www.dolmetsch.com/musictheory7.htm The Tone and Semitone; Microtones]</ref>, especially in [[WikiPedia:Enharmonic|enharmonic]] compositions or compositions from non-Western sources<ref>[[WikiPedia:Antoine_de_Bertrand#Music_and_influence|True not only for modern or non-western compositions; see Antoine de Bertrand's ''Je suis tellement amoureux''.]]</ref>, quarter-, three-quarter, and other unusual keys may be encountered.

For works using keys other than the standard diatonic full and half-tone ('flat' or 'sharp') keys, use them as needed. Just as with 'flat' and 'sharp', the key should be spelled out and linked to the scale using the same standard method as the more common half-tones.<ref>The CSG resource page has a [[Proposal:CSGv2/Resources#Keys_and_scales_in_commonly_used_languages|reference listing for full and half-tone keys]] in various languages.</ref>


:{| style="border:0;"
|+ ''Microtones, standard keys, and ''some'' of the uncommon keys''
! style="text-align:left; padding-right:5em;" | Incorrect
! colspan="6" style="text-align:center; " | Correct
! style="text-align:left; padding-left:4em;" | What is it?
|-
| style="border:0;" |
| style="border:0; border-top:1px solid;" | English
| style="border:0; border-top:1px solid;" | French
| style="border:0; border-top:1px solid;" | German
| style="border:0; border-top:1px solid;" | Italian
| style="border:0; border-top:1px solid;" | Russian
| style="border:0; border-top:1px solid;" | Spanish
| style="border:0;" |
|- style="border-top:1px solid;"
| style="border:0;" | -
| style="border:0;" | A
| style="border:0;" | A
| style="border:0;" | A
| style="border:0;" | A
| style="border:0;" | A
| style="border:0;" | A
| style="border:0;" | full tone
|-
| style="border:0;" | A{{Music|sharp}}
| style="border:0;" | A-sharp
| style="border:0;" | La dièse
| style="border:0;" | Ais
| style="border:0;" | La diesis
| style="border:0;" | Ля диез
| style="border:0;" | La sostenido
| style="border:0;" | half tone sharp
|-
| style="border:0;" | A{{Music|halfsharp}} *
| style="border:0;" | A-semi-sharp
| style="border:0;" | La dièse barré
| style="border:0;" | -
| style="border:0;" | La semi-diesis
| style="border:0;" | Ля полу-диез
| style="border:0;" | La semisostenido
| style="border:0;" | quarter tone sharp
|-
| style="border:0;" | A{{Music|doublesharp}}
| style="border:0;" | A-double sharp
| style="border:0;" | La double dièse
| style="border:0;" | Aisis
| style="border:0;" | La doppio diesis
| style="border:0;" | Ля дубль-диез
| style="border:0;" | La doble sostenido
| style="border:0;" | two chromatic tones sharp
|-
| style="border:0;" | A{{Music|threequartersharp}} *
| style="border:0;" | A-sesqui-sharp
| style="border:0;" | La trois-demi de dièse
| style="border:0;" | -
| style="border:0;" | La diesis e mezzo
| style="border:0;" | Ля полтора диеза
| style="border:0;" | La sostenido y medio
| style="border:0;" | three-quarter tone sharp
|-
| style="border:0;" | A{{Music|flat}}
| style="border:0;" | A-flat
| style="border:0;" | La bémol
| style="border:0;" | As
| style="border:0;" | La bemolle
| style="border:0;" | Ля бемоль
| style="border:0;" | La bemol
| style="border:0;" | half tone flat
|-
| style="border:0;" | A{{Music|halfflat}} *
| style="border:0;" | A-semi-flat
| style="border:0;" | La demi bémol
| style="border:0;" | -
| style="border:0;" | La semi-bemolle
| style="border:0;" | Ля полу-бемоль
| style="border:0;" | La semibemol
| style="border:0;" | quarter tone flat
|-
| style="border:0;" | A{{Music|doubleflat}}
| style="border:0;" | A-double flat
| style="border:0;" | La double bémol
| style="border:0;" | Asas
| style="border:0;" | La doppio bemolle
| style="border:0;" | Ля дубль-бемоль
| style="border:0;" | La doble bemol
| style="border:0;" | two chromatic tones flat
|-
| style="border:0;" | A{{Music|threequarterflat}} *
| style="border:0;" | A-sesqui-flat
| style="border:0;" | La trois-demi de bémol
| style="border:0;" | -
| style="border:0;" | La bemolle e mezzo
| style="border:0;" | Ля полтора бемоля
| style="border:0;" | La bemol y medio
| style="border:0;" | three-quarter tone flat
|-
|}

<nowiki>*</nowiki> Note that there is not yet any standardized term for quarter-tone accidentals in German, though there is a standardized term in for each of the four accidentals in Arabic, English, French, Italian, Norwegian, Portugese, Russian, and Spanish. It is suggested that any work which would require mention of a quarter-tone accidental be limited to CSG in a language which can adequately describe the correct key for the work.



----
----


=== Non-European Scales ===
=== Non-standard scales ===
<br/>
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700;"
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700; font-size: 64%""
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #DD6666;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #BBBBBB;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
{{hanging cell
{{hanging cell
| color1 = BBBBBB
| color1 = BBBBBB
Line 386: Line 962:
}}
}}
|}
|}


<u>'''Framework'''</u>
{|
| {{CSGStyle}} | Work Type
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle}} | Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s)
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Non-diatonic scale
| {{CSGStyle}} | Key
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} | Scale
| {{CSGStyle}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle}} | Catalogue Identifier and Number
|}
{|
| {{CSGStyle}} | Work Type
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle}} | Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s)
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Diatonic scale modification
| {{CSGStyle}} | Key
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} | Scale
| {{CSGStyle}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle}} | Catalogue Identifier and Number
|}
{|
| {{CSGStyle}} | Work Type
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
| {{CSGStyle}} | Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s)
| {{CSGStyle}} | in
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Non-diatonic scale
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Diatonic scale modification
| {{CSGStyle}} | Key
| {{CSGStyle}} |
| {{CSGStyle}} | Scale
| {{CSGStyle}} | ,
| {{CSGStyle}} | Catalogue Identifier and Number
|}

For works using scales other than major or minor, use them as needed.
# The scale ought to be correctly capitalized, depending upon the name of the scale and the rules within the language being used.
# For works using non-diatonic scales, such as Persian or Yaman, insert the scale indication before the key: "...in Yaman A major".
# For works using diatonic scale modifications such as harmonic or melodic, insert the scale modification indication before the key and (if applicable) after the non-diatonic scale name: "...in Yaman harmonic A major".




----
----


=== Modulating Keys, Modes, and/or Scales ===
=== Modulating Keys, Modes, and/or Scales ===
<br/>
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700;"
{| style="margin-bottom: 1em; border-width: thin; font-weight: 700; font-size: 64%""
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #DD6666;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
! colspan="2" style="border: 1pt solid #000; font-size: 80%; padding: 3px 12px; background-color: #BBBBBB;" | [[#Work_and_opus_identification|Work and Opus]]​
{{hanging cell
{{hanging cell
| color1 = BBBBBB
| color1 = BBBBBB
Line 397: Line 1,022:
| color3 = CC88AA
| color3 = CC88AA
| color4 = 11CC99
| color4 = 11CC99
| color5 = BBBBBB
| color5 = F3DD2F
| color6 = BBBBBB
| cell1 = [[#Work_Form|Work Form]]
| cell1 = [[#Work_Form|Work Form]]
| cell2 = [[#Instrumentation_and.2For_voice_type.28s.29|Instrumentation and voicing]]
| cell2 = [[#Instrumentation_and.2For_voice_type.28s.29|Instrumentation and voicing]]
| cell3 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Key]]
| cell3 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Key]]
| cell4 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Scale]]
| cell4 = [[#Key_and_Scale|Scale]]
| cell5 = '''Mode'''
| cell5 = [[#Catalogue_Identifier.2C_Catalogue_Number.2C_and_Opus_Number|Catalogue and Opus]]
| cell6 = [[#Catalogue_Identifier.2C_Catalogue_Number.2C_and_Opus_Number|Catalogue and Opus]]
}}
}}
|}
|}




<u>'''Framework'''</u>

{|
----
| {{CSGStyle}} | Work Type
Mess below here
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
----
| {{CSGStyle}} | Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s)
=====What about numbered works?=====
| {{CSGStyle}} | in

| {{CSGStyle}} | Key
{| border="1"
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | to
|-
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Modulated Key
| [[User:BrianFreud/sandbox#CSGworkopus|Work and Opus Identification]]
| {{CSGStyle}} |
|-
| {{CSGStyle}} | Scale
| || || || || || || || || ▌ || ||
| {{CSGStyle}} | ,
|-
| {{CSGStyle}} | Catalogue Identifier and Number
| Work Type || No. (1 & 4) || Instrumentation || No. (2) || Key || Scale || Catalogue / Opus Number || No. (3 & 4)
|}
|}
{|

| {{CSGStyle}} | Work Type
Many composers, in addition to opuses or catalogs, have had their works numbered. The number can identify fall in one of several places, however, depending on just what is being counted.
| {{CSGStyle}} | for
# The number may be counting a particular work type, irregardless of instrumentation, in which case it would be inserted between the Work Type and the Instrumentation:
| {{CSGStyle}} | Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s)
#* Symphony '''No. 5''' for Orchestra in B-flat major, K. 22
| {{CSGStyle}} | in

| {{CSGStyle}} | Key
# The number may be counting a particular work type paired with a particular instrumentation, in which case it would be inserted between the Instrumentation and the Key:
| {{CSGStyle}} |
#* Concerto for Piano '''No. 1''' in F major, K. 37
| {{CSGStyle}} | Scale

| {{CSGStyle|1}} | to
# The number may be counting which work within an opus is being identified, in which case the work number would be added directly after the Catalogue or Opus identification:
| {{CSGStyle|1}} | Modulated Scale
#* Sonata for Piano in F minor, Op. 2 '''No. 1'''
| {{CSGStyle}} | ,
#* 12 German Dances for Orchestra in C major, K. 567 No. 12
| {{CSGStyle}} | Catalogue Identifier and Number

# Normally there will be only one number to a work, though it is possible that you could have a situation such as the 3rd numbered Sonata which also happens to be the first work within an opus:
#* Sonata '''No. 3''' for Piano in F minor, Op. 2 '''No. 1'''

"No." should be language-correct ("No." for English, "Nr." for German, "N°" for French, etc). "#", "Number", etc. should not be used. The numbers used should always be indicated using Arabic numerals and not spelled out.

----

<span id="CSGspecialWO2"></span>
=====What about named works?=====

{| border="1"
|-
| [[User:BrianFreud/sandbox#CSGworkopus|Work and Opus Identification]]
|-
| || || || || || || || || || ▌ || ||
|-
| Work Type || No. (1 & 4) || Instrumentation || No. (2) || Key || Scale || Catalogue / Opus Number || No. (3 & 4) || "Common Name"
|}
|}
Some rare works use modulating keys, modes, or scales. In such cases, list both keys, modes, and/or scales. The linguistic equivalent of 'to' should then be used to connect the two.
<ul><li style="list-style-type:none">For works with a common name, the common name should be placed after the catalog or opus number. If there is a opus work number present, the common name is placed after that as well. The common name ought to be surrounded by quotation marks of the type correct for the CSG language style being used. If there is more than one common name, within the quotes use a standard ASCII forward slash with a single standard ASCII space on each side ( / ) to separate the names. The common name ought to be capitalized according to the appropriate [[Capitalization Standard|CapitalizationStandard]] for that name's language.
; Example:
</ul>
* Symphony No. 41 for Orchestra in C major, K. 551 '''"Jupiter"'''
:* Modulating Prelude for Piano in F major '''to E minor''', K. deest NMA IX/27/2 No. 2
* Missa brevis No. 9 for Soloists, Chorus & Orchestra in C major, K. 196b / KV 220 '''"Spatzenmesse"'''
* Kantate, BWV 106 '''"Gottes Zeit ist die allerbeste Zeit / Actus tragicus"'''


==Notes and References==
----

<span id="CSGspecialWO3"></span>
=====What about Variations of other works?=====

{| border="1"
|-
| [[User:BrianFreud/sandbox#CSGworkopus|Work and Opus Identification]]
|-
| || || || || || || || || ▌ || ||
|-
| Work Type || No. (1 & 4) || Basis Work Composer || Basis Work || Instrumentation || No. (2) || Key || Scale || Catalogue / Opus Number || No. (3 & 4) || "Common Name"
|}

Variations can be rather confusing. You're essentially inserting one entire CSG work title into another. Immediately following the Work Type, insert the name of the composer of the work the variation is based upon, then the full CSG title of that work. Note that in addition to the "No." fields which normally can appear, you may also have "No." fields appearing within the basis work, providing for potentially as many as 4 "No."s to appear within the work title.

The structure looks like this:
{| border="1"
|-
| Work Type || on || '''Basis Work Composer''' || ''':''' || '''Basis Work''' || for || Instrumentation || in || Key || || Scale || , || Catalogue Identifier and Catalogue Number
|-
| Work Type || on || '''Basis Work Composer''' || ''':''' || '''Basis Work''' || for || Instrumentation || in || Key || || Scale || , || Opus Number
|}

and looks like this:
{| border="1"
|-
| Work Type || on || '''Basis Work Composer''' || ''':''' || '''Basis Work''' || for || Instrumentation || in || Key || || Scale || , || Catalogue Identifier and Catalogue Number
|-
| Canon || on || Antonio Salieri || ''':''' || La fiera di Venezia: "Mio caro Adone" || for || 3 Voices in 1 || in || C || || major || , || K. 553
|-
| Concerto || on || Dutch Traditional || ''':''' || "Wilhelmus van Nassau" || for || Bassoon || in || B-flat || || major || , || K. 186e / KV 191
|-
| Trio || on || André Ernest Modeste Grétry || ''':''' || Les mariages samnites: March "Dieu d'amour" || for || Violin, Viola, and Cello || in || E-flat || || major || , || Op. 3
|}

If the work being imported was composed by the same composer, the [ Basis Work Composer ]: section ought to be omitted, giving:
{| border="1"
|-
| Work Type || on || '''Basis Work''' || for || Instrumentation || in || Key || || Scale || , || Catalogue Identifier and Catalogue Number
|-
| Work Type || on || '''Basis Work''' || for || Instrumentation || in || Key || || Scale || , || Opus Number
|}

and thus:
{| border="1"
|-
| Work Type || on || '''Basis Work''' || for || Instrumentation || in || Key || || Scale || , || Catalogue Identifier and Catalogue Number
|-
| Divertimento || on || Le Baiser de la fée || for || Orchestra || in || ( ? ) || || ( ? ) || , || ( ? )
|-
| Symphony || on || Serenade No. 7 for Orchestra in D major, K. 249 "Haffner" || for || Orchestra || in || D || || major || , || K. *248b / KV *250 NMA IV/11/7 No. 2
|}

----

<span id="CSGspecialWO4"></span>
=====What about Modulating Keys, Modes, or Scales?=====

Some rare works use modulating keys, modes, or scales. In such a case, list both keys, modes, or scales, and use the equivalent translation within the CSG language style being used for the word "to" to connect them. Examples:
* Modulating Prelude for Piano in F major '''to E minor''', K. deest NMA IX/27/2 No. 2

----

<span id="CSGspecialWO5"></span>
=====What about Non-Standard or Non-European Keys, Modes, or Scales?=====

* For works using non-diatonic scales, such as Persian or Yaman, insert the scale indication before the Key. ("...in Yaman A major")
* For works using diatonic scale modifications such as harmonic or melodic, insert the scale modification indication before the Key (and after the non-diatonic scale name, if needed). ("...in Yaman harmonic A major")
* For works using harmonic mode modifications (augmentation or diminishment), add the modification indication after the Scale. ("...in A major diminished")
* For works using Scales other than major or minor, use them as needed. They ought to be properly capitalized or lowercase, depending upon the name of the scale and the rules within the language being used.
* For works using Keys other than the European half-tone keys, use them as needed. ("...A𝄳 major") Please spell out "double flat", "double sharp", "triple flat", "triple sharp", etc.

----
<references/>
<references/>

Latest revision as of 14:51, 28 August 2016


Status: This page describes an active style guideline proposal and is not official.



Proposal number: RFC-82
Champion: BrianFreud
Current status: Awaiting NGS implementation for final revision and passage.

RFC

Trac ticket # 4426

The Classical Style Guidelines:

CSG for Works: Title

The Work and Opus Identification Framework


Classical Work

{{hanging cell

color1 = DD6666 cell1 = Work and Opus

}}{{hanging cell

color1 = BB6611 color2 = 99CC44 color3 = CC88AA color4 = 11CC99 color5 = 9999FF cell1 = Work Form cell2 = Instrumentation and voicing cell3 = Key cell4 = Scale cell5 = Catalogue and Opus

}}

Official Documentation > Style Guidelines > The Classical Style Guidelines
Artist
Title: Work and Opus | Movement | Ornamentation | Special Cases


Most classical composers have their works contained either within opuses or catalogues. The Work and Opus Identification section of a CSG for Works title identifies a particular work and the catalogue or opus identifier to which the work belongs.



Basic Framework

The basic framework includes the work type, the instrumentation, the key, the scale, and the catalogue or opus identification.

Framework


Work Form for Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s) in Key Scale , Catalogue Identifier and Number
Work Form for Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s) in Key Scale , Opus Number


'Connecting' words

'For' and 'in' should use their linguistic equivalents; e.g., French CSG for Works would use 'pour', German CSG for Works would use 'für', etc.



Work Form

Work and Opus
Work Form Instrumentation and voicing Key Scale Catalogue and Opus


This is the form, or type, of the overall composition, such as 'symphony'.[1]

  1. The form should normally be capitalized using sentence case, e.g., 'Incidental music'.
  2. The form should almost always use the correct linguistic equivalent for whichever version of CSG for Works is being used. For example, if English CSG for Works is being used, 'Symphonie' would be incorrect, while 'Symphony' would be correct.
    Note: This should not be understood to mean that Artist Intent is overidden. If the composer invented a new name for the composition's form, then that name should be used untranslated. 'Symphonie fantastique' would be correct in English CSG for Works, whereas 'Fantastic symphony' would not.



Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s)

Work and Opus
Work Form Instrumentation and voicing Key Scale Catalogue and Opus


This is a listing of the instruments and/or vocal types[2] found in the overall composition.

  1. Instruments and vocal types should always be lowercased, unless the instrument's name itself contains a proper name.
  2. For multiple instruments or vocal types, the quantities should be indicated using Arabic numerals, not spelled out.
  3. For listings of three or more instruments and/or vocal types, use a serial comma.
  4. When listing more than 2 instruments and/or vocal types, spell out 'and' (or its linguistic equivalent). Do not use an ampersand.
  5. For a case which the count is singular (1 of something), do not indicate singular counts.
  6. No particular ordering is more correct. However, if an instrument is featured in the composition, it should be listed first.
  7. Certain work types imply an instrument, e.g. a 'concerto' is defined as a composition for solo instrument and orchestra. Thus, any concerto should always have 'orchestra', listed last, in the instruments list.


Incorrect Correct
Piano piano
Two flutes 2 flutes
piano, 2 organs and cello piano, 2 organs, and cello
3 pianos, 2 organs, 4 tenors, & soprano 3 pianos, 2 organs, 4 tenors, and soprano
1 viola and 2 cellos viola and 2 cellos
Concerto for orchestra and piano Concerto for piano and orchestra
Concerto for violin Concerto for violin and orchestra



Key and Scale

Work and Opus
Work Form Instrumentation and voicing Key Scale Catalogue and Opus


This is the key and scale in which overall composition is composed.[3]

  1. The key and scale should always stay consistent with the language being used for the title, e.g., do not use the French 'La dièse majeur' in a German CSG for Works title.
  2. Keys should always be uppercased, unless it is more musicologically correct within the particular language that minor keys be lowercased. e.g. 'si minore'.
  3. Scales should always be lowercased, unless it is more musicologically correct within the particular language that minor keys be uppercased. e.g. 'His-Dur'.
  4. When keys are written in English, "sharp" and "flat" must always be lowercased and linked to the key with a hyphen ('E-flat'). For other languages, use whatever hyphenation and/or spacing is most musicologically correct.

Examples of correct capitalization and punctuation for keys and scales in various languages may be found on the CSG resource page.



Catalogue Identifier, Catalogue Number, and Opus Number

Work and Opus
Work Form Instrumentation and voicing Key Scale Catalogue and Opus


Some classical composers, especially the more well known ones, have had their works catalogued by another person.[4] These catalogues often have quite long names, and thus standard abbreviations are used for them, e.g., 'BWV' or 'KV'. The catalogue abbreviation should be used[5], with the catalogue's number for the work then following.

Examples
BWV 954
HWV 295
K. 509 No. 1


Alternately, some composers catalogue themselves using opus numbers.

Example
The opus contains only one composition: Op. 88
The opus contains multiple compositions: Op. 116 No. 1
Note: Opus should always be abbreviated 'Op.' (including the period)[6].


  1. A catalogue or opus number can refer to only a single composition, or to many, each individually numbered within the catalogue or opus number.
  2. Some composers have had multiple catalogues made of their works. Such catalogues, if they are considered definitive (and are not musicologically unimportant) may each be listed in the work title, each catalogue identifier separated by ' / ' (space forward-slash space).
  3. Some rare movements have two catalogue numbers from within the same catalogue; one for the movement, and one for the overall composition. The catalogue number which should be used at this point is the one assigned to the overall composition.



Application


Applied, the basic framework then looks like this:


Work form for instrumentation and/or vocal type(s) in Key scale , Catalogue Identifier and Number
Canon for 3 voices in 1 in C major , K. 553
Concerto for bassoon in B-flat major , K. 186e / KV 191
Work form for instrumentation and/or vocal type(s) in Key scale , Opus Number
Trio for violin, viola, and cello in E-flat major , Op. 3


Advanced structure

The basic framework defines the Work and Opus identification for most cases. However, there are special cases which add some complexity.

The advanced cases described below insert modifications into the basic framework. These modifications should be combined as needed.

Numbered works


Work and Opus
Work Form Numbered work form Instrumentation and voicing Numbered work form for
instrument(s) and/or vocal(s)
Key Scale Catalogue and Opus Numbered composition within
a catalogue number or opus


Many composers, in addition to opuses or catalogs, have had their works numbered. The number can identify fall in one of several places, however, depending on just what is being counted.


Framework

Case 1
Work form Work form number for Instrumentation/vocals in Key Scale , Catalogue/Opus
Case 2
Work form for Instrumentation/vocals Work form for instrumentation number in Key Scale , Catalogue/Opus
Case 3
Work form for Instrumentation/vocals in Key Scale , Catalogue/Opus Number within Catalogue number or Opus


Possible cases resulting in numbered works:

  1. The number may be counting a particular work type, regardless of instrumentation or vocal types, in which case it would be inserted between the Work Type and the Instrumentation.
  2. The number may be counting a particular work type paired with a particular instrumentation or vocal type(s), in which case it would be inserted between the Instrumentation and the Key.
  3. The number may be counting which work within an opus is being identified, in which case the work number would be added directly after the Catalogue or Opus identification. (Also reference Catalogue and Opus identification.)


Applied

Work form Work number
(case 1)
for Instrumentation/vocals Work for
instrumentation number
(case 2)
in Key Scale , Catalogue/Opus Number within
Catalogue/Opus
(case 3)
Case 1
Symphony
No. 5
for orchestra in B-flat major , K. 22
Case 2
Concerto for piano
No. 1
in F major , K. 37
Case 3
Sonata for piano in F minor , Op. 2
No. 1
12 German Dances for orchestra in C major , K. 567
No. 12
Cases 1 and 3 simultaneously
Sonata
No. 3
for piano in F minor , Op. 2
No. 1


Abbreviating 'number'

Each language abbreviates the linguistic equivalent of 'number' differently. The correct abbreviation should be used, depending on whichever language version of CSG for Works is being used. '#', 'Number', and 'Num' should never be used.
Do not mistake the character "º" (masculine ordinal[7]) with "°" (degree). The masculine ordinal character should always be used; the degree character should never be used.
Note that Italian and Russian use '№' (numero sign[8]), not 'N' plus the masculine ordinal.
English
No.
French
German
Nr.
Italian
Portugese
Russian
№ (This is also correct for any other cyrillic-using language.)
Spanish



Named works


Work and Opus
Work Form Instrumentation and voicing Key Scale Name Catalogue and Opus


Framework

Work Type for Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s) in Key Scale , Catalogue Identifier and Number " (Common) Name "


A composition may be named. This may be an official name given by the composer, e.g., "Tristan und Isolde", "The Seasons", or "A London Symphony", or a name by which the work has come to be known (a 'common' name), e.g., the "Jupiter" symphony.

  1. For works with a name, the name should be placed after the catalog or opus number.
  2. If there is a opus work number present, the name is placed after that as well.
  3. The name ought to be surrounded by quotation marks of the type correct for the CSG language style being used.
  4. If there is more than one name for a composition, within the quotes use ' / ' (space forward-slash space) to separate the names.
  5. The name should be capitalized according to the appropriate Capitalization Standard for that name's language.


Examples
Symphony No. 41 for Orchestra in C major, K. 551 "Jupiter"
Missa brevis No. 9 for Soloists, Chorus & Orchestra in C major, K. 196b / KV 220 "Spatzenmesse"
Kantate, BWV 106 "Gottes Zeit ist die allerbeste Zeit / Actus tragicus"


Attention.png Please note that this section is dealing with an entire composition with a name, and not with a named movement within a composition. Please reference the Common Identification section of the Movement framework if you are dealing with a named movement rather than a named composition.



Variations based on other works


Work and Opus
Work Form (Composer of basis work) Basis work Instrumentation and voicing Key Scale Catalogue and Opus


Variations insert one CSG for Works title entirely into another. The work upon which the variations are based is referred to here as the basis work.


Framework

If the composer who wrote the basis work is the same composer as the variations, then use:

Work Type on Basis work for Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s) in Key Scale , Catalogue/Opus

If it is not the same composer, then use:

Work Type on Composer of basis work : Basis work for Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s) in Key Scale , Catalogue/Opus


Applied

Same composer:

Work form on Basis work for instrumentation/vocals in Key scale , Catalogue/Opus
Symphony on Serenade No. 7 for Orchestra in D major, K. 249 "Haffner" for Orchestra in D major , K. *248b / KV *250 NMA IV/11/7 No. 2


Different composers:

Work form on Composer of basis work : Basis work for instrumentation/vocals in Key scale , Catalogue/Opus
Canon on Antonio Salieri : La fiera di Venezia: "Mio caro Adone" for 3 Voices in 1 in C major , K. 553
Concerto on Dutch Traditional : "Wilhelmus van Nassau" for Bassoon in B-flat major , K. 186e / KV 191
Trio on André Ernest Modeste Grétry : Les mariages samnites: March "Dieu d'amour" for Violin, Viola, and Cello in E-flat major , Op. 3



Unusual catalog numbers: Anh, Anhang, Appendix, deest, desunt, vel, and WoO


Work and Opus
Work Form Instrumentation and voicing Key Scale Catalogue and Opus


Within a catalog number, when dealing with more obscure or fragmentary works, the terms 'Anh', 'Anhang', 'Appendix', 'deest', 'desunt', 'vel', and 'WoO' will be sometimes be encountered.

Anh or Anhang
German for 'Appendix'
Appendix
The appendix to a classical composer's works list. This may contain such items as variant versions and/or arrangements of a composition numbered in the main listing, compositions of doubtful attribution, compositions which only exist in fragmentary or sketch form, spurious works, etc.
deest
Latin for 'not present'. These works are typically ones discovered after a composer's catalog is published. In some cases, where later editions of a composer's catalog are published, these works are deest for the initial catalog(s), but have assigned catalog numbers in the later edition(s). Occasionally, if it is decided that the work is perhaps spurious, then later editions may also remove a work from the catalog, such that the work originally had a catalog number, but later became deest.
desunt
Plural form of 'deest'.
vel
Latin for 'if you prefer'. This will be found between two work forms or catalog numbers.
Between two work forms, this indicates that, for the specific composition, the two forms were considered equivalent:
Between two catalog numbers, this indicates that the two compositions were assigned different catalog numbers, but are almost, but not, the same. The "vel ..." section is sometimes omitted, but if it is present, the most correct catalog number includes it.
WoO
An abbreviation for 'Werk ohne Opuszahl' (German), which translates to 'Work without Opus number'. Like deest, this indicates works which are not otherwise cataloged.
  1. Works with an Anhung number should use the abbreviation 'Anh' (without a period).[9]
  2. None of these terms should be translated. If the catalog number includes "Appendix", then German CSG should use "Appendix". If the catalog number includes "Anhung", then English CSG should use "Anh".
  3. Note the spelling and capitalization for WoO. The abbreviated term is the German one, not the English translation. "WOO", "WwO", "Wwo", "Woo", etc. are not correct.
Examples
  • Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart - Canonical Study, K. 73x/K2 Anh 109d
  • Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart - Psalm in C major, K. 166h/KV Anh 23 / Fr 1774a (fragment): "In te Domine speravi"
  • Johann Sebastian Bach - Partita, BWV Anh 78, "Wenn wir in höchsten Nöten sein"
  • Sanctus for 4 Voices in E-flat major, K. 296c/K3 296b(discussion)/KV deest
This composition was not listed in the original or second edition Köchel catalogs. The third edition of the Köchel catalog listed in the discussion section of K3 296b, but did not assign it its own catalog number. Then the sixth edition of Köchel finally decided it was likely composed by Mozart, and assigned it K. 296c.
  • Matthias Weckmann - Toccata vel praeludium in D minor
As Weckmann described it, when this work was composed, he considered a 'toccata' to essentially have become the same work form as a 'praeludium', thus the work could be considered to be of either work form.
  • Johann Sebastian Bach - Cantata for 2 voices, mixed chorus, and orchestra, BWV 197a/7 vel 398 "Ehre sei Gott in der Höhe"
  • Johann Sebastian Bach - Cantata for 2 voices, mixed chorus, and orchestra, BWV 398 "O Gott, du frommer Gott"
BWV 197a/7 vel 398 has a passage in the bass line which is lower by an octave than the version in BWV 197a/7, but otherwise the two compositions are identical.
  • Johannes Brahms - Hungarian Dance for Four Hands in G minor, WoO 1 No. 1: Allegro molto



Non-standard Modes


Work and Opus
Work Form Instrumentation and voicing Key Scale Mode Catalogue and Opus


Framework

Work Type for Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s) in Key Scale Mode , Catalogue Identifier and Number
Work Type for Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s) in Key Mode Scale , Catalogue Identifier and Number
Work Type for Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s) in Key Mode , Catalogue Identifier and Number
Work Type for Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s) in Mode , Catalogue Identifier and Number

Works are assumed, by default, to use the seven note diatonic scale. This is the scale most frequently used in Western music, especially any music composed since the 15th century.[10]

However, in some cases, an alternate mode[11] may be indicated.[12] These can include the augmented, chromatic, whole tone, aeolian, pentatonic, octatonic, and diminished modes, to name only the more common ones. When needed, the key and scale should be modified to include the mode. Typically the mode will go after the scale, but in some cases (chromatic and whole tone), it is more grammatically and musicologically correct that it either precede or replace the scale.

Examples
  • B major diminished
  • C/C-sharp chromatic

Microtones and non-diatonic full/half tone keys


Work and Opus
Work Form Instrumentation and voicing Key Scale Catalogue and Opus


When dealing with alternate temperments[13] or microtones[14], especially in enharmonic compositions or compositions from non-Western sources[15], quarter-, three-quarter, and other unusual keys may be encountered.

For works using keys other than the standard diatonic full and half-tone ('flat' or 'sharp') keys, use them as needed. Just as with 'flat' and 'sharp', the key should be spelled out and linked to the scale using the same standard method as the more common half-tones.[16]


Microtones, standard keys, and some of the uncommon keys
Incorrect Correct What is it?
English French German Italian Russian Spanish
- A A A A A A full tone
A A-sharp La dièse Ais La diesis Ля диез La sostenido half tone sharp
Ahalf sharp * A-semi-sharp La dièse barré - La semi-diesis Ля полу-диез La semisostenido quarter tone sharp
Adouble sharp A-double sharp La double dièse Aisis La doppio diesis Ля дубль-диез La doble sostenido two chromatic tones sharp
Athree quarter sharp * A-sesqui-sharp La trois-demi de dièse - La diesis e mezzo Ля полтора диеза La sostenido y medio three-quarter tone sharp
A A-flat La bémol As La bemolle Ля бемоль La bemol half tone flat
Ahalf flat * A-semi-flat La demi bémol - La semi-bemolle Ля полу-бемоль La semibemol quarter tone flat
Adouble flat A-double flat La double bémol Asas La doppio bemolle Ля дубль-бемоль La doble bemol two chromatic tones flat
Athree quarter flat * A-sesqui-flat La trois-demi de bémol - La bemolle e mezzo Ля полтора бемоля La bemol y medio three-quarter tone flat

* Note that there is not yet any standardized term for quarter-tone accidentals in German, though there is a standardized term in for each of the four accidentals in Arabic, English, French, Italian, Norwegian, Portugese, Russian, and Spanish. It is suggested that any work which would require mention of a quarter-tone accidental be limited to CSG in a language which can adequately describe the correct key for the work.



Non-standard scales


Work and Opus
Work Form Instrumentation and voicing Key Scale Catalogue and Opus


Framework

Work Type for Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s) in Non-diatonic scale Key Scale , Catalogue Identifier and Number
Work Type for Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s) in Diatonic scale modification Key Scale , Catalogue Identifier and Number
Work Type for Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s) in Non-diatonic scale Diatonic scale modification Key Scale , Catalogue Identifier and Number

For works using scales other than major or minor, use them as needed.

  1. The scale ought to be correctly capitalized, depending upon the name of the scale and the rules within the language being used.
  2. For works using non-diatonic scales, such as Persian or Yaman, insert the scale indication before the key: "...in Yaman A major".
  3. For works using diatonic scale modifications such as harmonic or melodic, insert the scale modification indication before the key and (if applicable) after the non-diatonic scale name: "...in Yaman harmonic A major".



Modulating Keys, Modes, and/or Scales


Work and Opus
Work Form Instrumentation and voicing Key Scale Mode Catalogue and Opus


Framework

Work Type for Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s) in Key to Modulated Key Scale , Catalogue Identifier and Number
Work Type for Instrumentation and/or vocal type(s) in Key Scale to Modulated Scale , Catalogue Identifier and Number

Some rare works use modulating keys, modes, or scales. In such cases, list both keys, modes, and/or scales. The linguistic equivalent of 'to' should then be used to connect the two.

Example
  • Modulating Prelude for Piano in F major to E minor, K. deest NMA IX/27/2 No. 2

Notes and References

  1. A list of common (and uncommon) work forms is available on the CSG resource page.
  2. A list of all standard and opera vocal types can be found on the CSG resource page.
  3. Some work forms, such as a symphony, can change key and/or scale within or between movements. For such works, use the initial key and scale of the first movement, unless there is good reason to use a different key and scale. However, always stay consistent; do not use the key of the first movement but the scale of the third movement. For the special case of modulating keys, modes, and/or scales, see the applicable advanced structure.
  4. Cataloguer Relationship Type can be used to link these cataloguers with the artist whom they catalogued.
  5. This overrides Abbreviation Style; catalogue identifiers should be abbreviated.
  6. This overrides Abbreviation Style; Opus should be abbreviated.
  7. To type a masculine ordinal (U+00BA): Windows: Alt+0186, Linux: Ctrl+Shift+U 00BA, Mac: See Apple's support
  8. To type a numero sign (U+2116): Windows: Alt+2116, Linux: Ctrl+Shift+U 2116, Mac: See Apple's support
  9. This overrides Abbreviation Style; catalogue identifiers should be abbreviated.
  10. When did modal music give way to the modern key system?
  11. Music theory online : notes, harmonies & scales: Modes
  12. What were the twelve modes?
  13. Music theory online : pitch, temperament & timbre
  14. The Tone and Semitone; Microtones
  15. True not only for modern or non-western compositions; see Antoine de Bertrand's Je suis tellement amoureux.
  16. The CSG resource page has a reference listing for full and half-tone keys in various languages.