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= Rebab =
How many r*b*b's do we have?:<br>
There is a lot of confusion about instruments named [[R*bab|r*bab]], historically "rebab" was a generic named for chiefly bowed string instruments, from this evolved also plucked variant (see rubab), originally arabic, it traveled around the world and became the origin of many stringed instrument-families.<br>
<br>
<br>
There are chiefly 3 large groupings:<br>
long-necked rabab (spikefiddle rebab)<br>

lute like ____ where the rebec evolved from (herein the lutes)<br>
* Stick, small soundbox, spike-fiddle bowed family, chiefly south-east asian - from here evolved all kinds of spike fiddles, including such where the spike is vestigial, also south-eastern europe.
double chested '''rabab''' (pearshaped lute rubab)<br>
** to wit the ghijak [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54995817 wd] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghijak en] [https://musicbrainz.org/instrument/0d766870-3021-47ce-bd51-78d2d2484e1b mb] and the Indonesian Rebab, probably the chinese huquin as well.
* Large, short neck, boat-shaped or indented bowed (but including plucked variant) lutes, chiefly middle-eastern south asian - from here many various folk fiddles, plucked lutes, both of which also inspired evolution of european instruments.
** herein the sarinda, sarangi, esraj, ravaj, among these the guitar and vielle families.
* Medium, varying neck pear-shaped bowed lute, chiefly middle-eastern, european - from here many bowed and plucked families.
** alike kamanche, byzantian lyra, presumably sitar, (thus [[User:CatCat/v*na|vina]]) barbat, oud and the actual lute itself. possibly including such as mandolin and balalaika.

<br>
<br>
So:<br>
<br>
<br>
* Spikefiddle, to wit the ghijak [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54995817 wd] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghijak en] [https://musicbrainz.org/instrument/0d766870-3021-47ce-bd51-78d2d2484e1b mb] and the Indonesian [[R*bab|Rebab]] belong...
* Long necked barbed lute (pearshaped lutes!) kamanche, ravaj, read [[User:CatCat/v*na|vina]]
* Short necked fiddle boat-shaped /double chested lutes, herein the sarinda and sarangi families.


= Classification aspect =


(make into a table eventually)


== Spike-fiddle==
= Classification aspect =

Long neck, small soundbox, spike, possibly vestigial:


== spikefiddle - long neck, tiny soundbox ==
* Indonesian rebab
* Indonesian rebab
* đàn gáo
* đàn gáo
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== Bowed Lute (pear shaped) ==
== bowl (lyra, divergent) larger lute-like soundbox shorter neck ==

Bowl or pear-shaped, (lyra<ref>don't confuse with lyr<i>e</i>!</ref>) larger lute-like soundbox, often shorter neck:

* Byzantine lyra/lira
* Byzantine lyra/lira
* Gadulka
* Gadulka
Line 90: Line 99:
* cittern, gitten, etc guitar
* cittern, gitten, etc guitar
*etc
*etc


== Bowed/plucked Lute (boat shaped) ==
== double (lute, divergent) two bodied or hollowed out, concave shape, thick short neck ==

Double, two bodied or hollowed out, concave or Boat shape, large soundbox, short neck:

* kobyz
* kobyz
* rubab/rabab (kabuli rebab)
* rubab/rabab (kabuli rebab)
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== harplike/veena ==
* taus/mayuri veena/b
* yazh
* saung/saung-gauk
== lyre like ==
== lyre like ==

it's currently unclear how these belong

* crwth
* crwth
* rotta
* rotta





== Notes ==
== Notes ==
Line 131: Line 144:




= Table Aspect=
= Evolution Aspect=

UNDER CONSTRCTION


<table border="1">
<table border="1">
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</tr>
</tr>
<tr>
<tr>
<td>rabab</td>
<td>Cell 1</td>
<td>Cell 2</td>
<td>Cell 2</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr>
<tr>
<td>Cell 1</td>
<td>Chikara [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5097384 wd] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chikara_(instrument) en] [https://tickets.metabrainz.org/browse/INST-955 jira]</td>
<td>Cell 2</td>
<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20191220143300if_/https://digitalstamp.suppa.jp/musical_instruments_c/chikara.jpg</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr>
<tr>
<td> Dramyin, Tungana, Sgrna-snyan [https://beta.musicbrainz.org/instrument/ab0ed8e9-c02e-4824-bf1a-c8bb06f7cfe9 mb]<br>
<td>sarod</td>
<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20160511013835if_/https://saisaibatake.ame-zaiku.com/gakki/imgi/sarod_i.gif</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>'''Sursingar''' [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2372387 wd] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sursingar en] [https://musicbrainz.org/instrument/efca0287-2791-4209-b29b-1019891cb8d2 mb] hybrid plucked north indian classical lute invented c1800 by jaffar khan (seniya family)<br>
resonator, front and bridge from sitar, upperpart of neck/pegboard like the '''rabab''', tuned and played like '''rabab''', plectrum like sitar.<br>
(clearly this is a sitar/rabab hybrid)<br></td>
<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20200206002205if_/https://saisaibatake.ame-zaiku.com/musical/instruments/sursringar_i.jpg</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>'''sitar''' [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229205 wd] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitar en] [https://musicbrainz.org/instrument/9290b2c1-97c3-4355-a26f-c6dba89cf8ff mb] <br>
hindustani sitar seems to have more in common with large uzbek dutar [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143814 wd] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutar en] [https://musicbrainz.org/instrument/b3cf8cff-f7c7-4311-bf4e-cfc09bdb07ca mb] than persian setar [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1544746 wd] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setar en] [https://musicbrainz.org/instrument/f1299271-c5d7-4f7c-8b72-d64aa152c3bb mb]<br>
sitar and souther tambura [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3541715 wd] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanb%C5%ABra_(lyre) en] MB! (how relates to drone tanbura? [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1164636 wd] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanpura en] [https://musicbrainz.org/instrument/a19ae157-702a-40c6-892f-9bcb97328b7b mb]) to be evolved from the dutar?<br>
also Sarasvati vina from this?<br>
sitar has frets, tambura not<br>
terms "fretted and unfretted tambura" used to distinguish between sitar and fretless drone taMbura<br>
:: sursotta (transportable drone tambura)<br>
other sitar types: (distribution and related features suggest a common development)<br>
carnatic sitar<br>
kashmiri setar<br>
afghan tanbur<br>
gujarati sittarae(poss)<br>
<br>
<br>
Folk rabab found in the Himalayas. The number of strings varies from 4, 5, 6, or 7. The name also varies, where local versions may be called Damyan, Dramyen, Dranyen, Dramyin (curiously sometimes spelled <u>sgrna-snyan</u>), or Tungana. Manuscripts from the Moghul period indicate that once this form of rabab was very common in northern India.</td>
modern:<br>
<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20200317134335if_/https://digitalstamp.suppa.jp/musical_instruments_s/sgra_snyan.gif</td>
most common: <u>Hindustani concert sitar</u> aka tarafdar sitar (singel gourd and duble gourd)<br>
: has sympathetic strings, this is mostly commonly just called sitar and is the standard made <br>
<u>sada sitar</u> (plain or practice sitar)<br>
<u>kachva sitar</u> muhammad khan developed the surbahar from this, name probably a ref to the part of the gourd its used from.<br>
small sitar (kinnari veena)<br>
carnatic sitar<br></td>
<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20160417012026if_/https://digitalstamp.suppa.jp/musical_instruments_s/sitar.gif</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>kachva sitar aka kacchapi vina</td>
<td>Cell 2</td>
</tr>
<td>surbahar [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980383 wd] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surbahar en] [https://musicbrainz.org/instrument/1ed558ad-1628-4e5f-8d14-e18e54375cd5 mb]<br>
effectively a bass sitar. invented c1820 by ghulam muhammad<br></td>
<td>Cell 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>tanpura aka tambura aka tanpur (etc)</td>
<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20140603224228if_/https://saisaibatake.ame-zaiku.com/gakki/imgi/tanpura_ia.gif</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hansa veena<br>
?(novelty)</td>
<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20200206001429if_/https://saisaibatake.ame-zaiku.com/gakki/imgi2/hansa_veena.png</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>pulluvan veena [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55525195 wd] [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulluvan_vina ge] mb!</td>
<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20200206001442if_/https://saisaibatake.ame-zaiku.com/gakkipedia/img/pulluvan-veena.gif</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cell 1</td>
<td>Cell 2</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr>
<tr>
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<tr>
<tr>
<td>esraj<br>
<td>esraj<br>
a kind of cross between sitar and sarangi, it is a modern variant of dilruba<ref name="Esraj på Svenskwiki">{{Cite web|url=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esraj}}</ref><br>
a kind of cross between sitar and sarangi, it is a modern variant of dilruba<ref name="Esraj på Svenskwiki">https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esraj</ref><br>
Ishwari Raj<br>
Ishwari Raj<br>
</td>
</td>
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<tr>
<tr>
<td>dilruba<br>
<td>dilruba<br>
Dilruba is a compacter, mobiler instrument, is based on the heavier Taus<ref name="esraj at en.wiki">{{Cite web|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esraj#History|title=Esraj History}}</ref><br>
Dilruba is a compacter, mobiler instrument, is based on the heavier Taus<ref name="esraj at en.wiki">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esraj#History</ref><br>
Guru Gobind Singh
Guru Gobind Singh
</td>
</td>
Line 302: Line 265:
<tr>
<tr>
<td>saung gauk</td>
<td>saung gauk</td>
<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20191217235340if_/https://digitalstamp.suppa.jp/musical_instruments_s/saunggauk.gif</td>
<td>http://web.archive.org/web/20200212130253if_/https://digitalstamp.suppa.jp/musical_instruments_s/saunggauk.gif</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr>
<tr>
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<br>
= Geographic Aspect =
<br>

.....<br>
I'm going to need some kind of map-tool/widget.


<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
sara<br>
surs<br>
suba<br>
sita<br>
saro<br>
sari<br>
banam(rebs)<br>
<br>
<br>
'''rabab'''-> sarod<br>
<br>
<br>



Revision as of 16:01, 22 March 2020

Rebab

There is a lot of confusion about instruments named r*bab, historically "rebab" was a generic named for chiefly bowed string instruments, from this evolved also plucked variant (see rubab), originally arabic, it traveled around the world and became the origin of many stringed instrument-families.

There are chiefly 3 large groupings:

  • Stick, small soundbox, spike-fiddle bowed family, chiefly south-east asian - from here evolved all kinds of spike fiddles, including such where the spike is vestigial, also south-eastern europe.
    • to wit the ghijak wd en mb and the Indonesian Rebab, probably the chinese huquin as well.
  • Large, short neck, boat-shaped or indented bowed (but including plucked variant) lutes, chiefly middle-eastern south asian - from here many various folk fiddles, plucked lutes, both of which also inspired evolution of european instruments.
    • herein the sarinda, sarangi, esraj, ravaj, among these the guitar and vielle families.
  • Medium, varying neck pear-shaped bowed lute, chiefly middle-eastern, european - from here many bowed and plucked families.
    • alike kamanche, byzantian lyra, presumably sitar, (thus vina) barbat, oud and the actual lute itself. possibly including such as mandolin and balalaika.



Classification aspect

(make into a table eventually)

Spike-fiddle

Long neck, small soundbox, spike, possibly vestigial:

  • Indonesian rebab
  • đàn gáo
  • đàn hồ
  • đàn nhị
  • salo/saw lo
  • saw sam sai
  • saw u
  • saw duang
  • tro khmer
  • tro sau
  • tro che
  • tro sau thom
  • tro u
  • tro (research)
  • jawza
  • konya
  • sanxian
  • erxian
  • huqin (family)
    • sihu
    • yehu
    • dihu
    • zhonghu
    • banhu
    • huluhu
    • jinghu
    • erhu
      • gaohu
  • kamancheh
  • igil/ikili
  • sanshin
  • shamisen
  • kokyu
  • yaylı tambur
  • ghijak
  • ravanahatha
  • haegeum
  • (afrikan)
    • goje
    • njarka
    • n'ko
    • imzad


Bowed Lute (pear shaped)

Bowl or pear-shaped, (lyra[1]) larger lute-like soundbox, often shorter neck:

  • Byzantine lyra/lira
  • Gadulka
  • gudok
  • gusle
  • sintir
  • guimbri
  • cretan lyra
  • calabrian lira
  • dalmatian lijerica
  • kemenche
  • pontic lyra(k of the black sea)
  • politiki lyra (classical k)
  • rebec
  • rabel
  • dutar
  • çifteli
  • cobza
  • kobza/bandurka
  • komuz
  • qanbūs/gambus
  • gabusi
  • tambouras -> eg lutes, baglamas etc.
  • pandur etc
  • tambur etc
  • tanpura etc
  • indian lute, sitar
  • cittern, gitten, etc guitar
  • etc

Bowed/plucked Lute (boat shaped)

Double, two bodied or hollowed out, concave or Boat shape, large soundbox, short neck:

  • kobyz
  • rubab/rabab (kabuli rebab)
  • sarod
  • sarangi
    • nepalian sarangi (is this really a separate instrument?)
  • sarinda
  • esraj
  • dilruba
  • ghaychak
  • kyl kyyak
  • lyra viol
  • viol da gambas
  • viol da braccios
  • etc


lyre like

it's currently unclear how these belong

  • crwth
  • rotta



Notes

Rababah - ancient - arabic fiddle -
rebab - medieval - persia
seni rebab - medieval -
kabuli rebab - medieval - arab
rebec - medieval - europe

rebab - modern - indonesia

some interesting https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reb%C3%A1b_(egy%C3%A9rtelm%C5%B1s%C3%ADt%C5%91_lap)


Evolution Aspect

UNDER CONSTRCTION

Cell 1 Cell 2
sarangi wd en mb

hindustani classical music, rajasthani folk sarangi,
sarangi type:
kashmir (saran)
south afghanistan (sarang)

jammu (saranga)
sarangi_india_2.jpg
sarinda wd en jira, is related to and may derive from central asian shamans-fiddle qobuz (kobys?)

widespread:
afghanistan, pakistan and north india (sarinda)

pakistani baluchistan (saroz)
iranian baluchistan (sorud (soruz)) derived from qobuz but more like indian types in use and construction, used for ritual
pakistani sind (surando) sindi and baluchi models have deeper upper bouts than sarinda

rajasthan (surinda) three main strings
Assam (sareja)

bengal (variant long necked svaraj)(belongs to sitar maybe?)

manipur north-east india (sananta)

east & north india (banam)
nepal (sarangi)
sarinda.gif
nepali sarangi wd en MB!(?)
type of lute, evolved from the <strikeout>rabab</strikeout> includes this and the
sarangi_nepal.gif
ghaychak wd en mb jira cell 2
in its family evolved from the kobyz wd en jira. (kobyz, ghaychak, sarangi)
kobyz.gif
dhodro banam aka Santal lute
east & north india (dhodro banam)
cell 2
Kyl kyyak wd ky en mb! Cell 2
Cell 1 Cell 2
Cell 1 Cell 2
Dramyin, Tungana, Sgrna-snyan mb


Folk rabab found in the Himalayas. The number of strings varies from 4, 5, 6, or 7. The name also varies, where local versions may be called Damyan, Dramyen, Dranyen, Dramyin (curiously sometimes spelled sgrna-snyan), or Tungana. Manuscripts from the Moghul period indicate that once this form of rabab was very common in northern India.
sgra_snyan.gif
Cell 1 Cell 2
dotara dotara_i.gif
svaraj fretless long necked plucked lute from bangladesj, it is a bangl version of the bengali/northindian dotara, it ought to be spelled saraj (see esraj) Cell 2
esraj

a kind of cross between sitar and sarangi, it is a modern variant of dilruba[2]
Ishwari Raj

esraj_2.jpg
Mandar Bahar nmm wd? mb!
bass esraj
Cell 2
dilruba

Dilruba is a compacter, mobiler instrument, is based on the heavier Taus[3]
Guru Gobind Singh

dilruba.gif
taus taus.gif
mayuri-vina
mayuri_veena.gif
yazh yazh.gif
saung gauk saunggauk.gif
Cell 1 Cell 2
ektara (actually gopichant) gopichant.gif
gopichant3.gif
ektar (actually tumbi) tumbi.gif
dutar dutar_2.jpg
setar setar_i.gif
bin-sitar Cell 2
kamaica Cell 2
ravanhattha ravanhatta_2.jpg
khuur (mongolian fiddles) morin_khuur.gif
Cell 1 Cell 2


Geographic Aspect

I'm going to need some kind of map-tool/widget.





https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/From-Tri-tantri-Veena-to-Sitar/articleshow/21391436.cms and images on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tritantri_vina and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setar (compare image on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitar ) makes it clear that it is the setar that is evolved from the tritantri veena - the sitar https://beta.musicbrainz.org/instrument/9290b2c1-97c3-4355-a26f-c6dba89cf8ff/ an unrelated (but possible distant cousin) was *named* after the Persian setar.