User:Silentbird/Style/Language/Chinese: Difference between revisions

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== In English ==
== Han script 漢字 ==

=== Han script ===
Chinese characters, also known as Han characters, have no capitalization.
Chinese characters, also known as Han characters, have no capitalization.


In general, spoken Chinese and written Chinese are separate systems of language. All variants of spoken Chinese use Chinese characters to convey meaning, but how each Chinese character is pronounced is different due to dialectic differences. In MusicBrainz, Mandarin Chinese, Yue Chinese and Min Nan Chinese refer to different forms of spoken Chinese. These forms of spoken Chinese might have slight vocabulary differences (similar to how Scottish English sometimes uses "wee" as opposed to "little"), but the script they correspond to must either be Han Simplified (hans) or Han Traditional (hant). Han (hanzi, hanja, kanji) should only be used when the script is unclear or to describe a work whose manifestation can be in either traditional or simplified characters.
In general, contemporary spoken Chinese and written Chinese are separate systems of language. All variants of spoken Chinese use Chinese characters to convey meaning, but how each Chinese character is pronounced is different due to dialectic differences. In MusicBrainz, Mandarin Chinese, Yue Chinese and Min Nan Chinese refer to different forms of spoken Chinese. These forms of spoken Chinese might have slight vocabulary differences (similar to how Scottish English sometimes uses "wee" as opposed to "little"), but the script they correspond to must either be Han Simplified (hans) or Han Traditional (hant). Han (hanzi, hanja, kanji) should only be used when the script is unclear or to describe a work whose manifestation can be in either traditional or simplified characters.


==== Simplified and traditional Chinese characters ====
=== Simplified and traditional Chinese characters 繁體及簡化字 ===
There are two schemes of Chinese characters currently in use: simplified Chinese and traditional Chinese. Simplified Chinese is used predominantly in mainland China, Malaysia and Singapore, whereas traditional Chinese is used mainly in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. Editors should follow the scheme used by the release. Normally, characters from one scheme is not used together with the other; exceptions to this rule should only be made to respect [[Style/Principle/Error correction and artist intent|artist intent]].
There are two schemes of Chinese characters currently in use: simplified Chinese and traditional Chinese. Simplified Chinese is used predominantly in mainland China, Malaysia and Singapore, whereas traditional Chinese is used mainly in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. Editors should follow the scheme used by the release. Normally, characters from one scheme is not used together with the other; exceptions to this rule should only be made to respect [[Style/Principle/Error correction and artist intent|artist intent]].


Simplified and traditional Chinese characters could be easily translated between each other using popular translation websites. However, because simplified Chinese is a simplification of traditional Chinese, a single simplified Chinese character could correspond to multiple traditional Chinese characters. Therefore, translations should be only be performed on traditional Chinese to simplified Chinese, but not the reverse.
Simplified and traditional Chinese characters could be easily translated between each other using popular translation websites. However, because simplified Chinese is a simplification of traditional Chinese, a single simplified Chinese character could correspond to multiple traditional Chinese characters. Therefore, translations should be only be performed on traditional Chinese to simplified Chinese, but not the reverse.


==== Non-standard form characters ====
=== Non-standard form characters 異體字 ===
Due to the lack of character standardization, some Chinese characters could be written in several ways and are included in Unicode as different glyphs. Only standard characters should be used for official tracklists. For alternative "as-is" tracklists, any non-standard character should follow the character form printed on the release.
Due to the lack of character standardization, some Chinese characters could be written in several ways and are included in Unicode as different glyphs. Only standard characters should be used for official tracklists. For alternative "as-is" tracklists, any non-standard character should follow the character form printed on the release.


==== Punctuation ====
=== Punctuation 標點符號 ===
Chinese punctuation differs slightly between different regions. The following is a table of common Chinese punctuations.
Chinese punctuation differs slightly between different regions. The following is a table of common Chinese punctuations.


Line 55: Line 53:
! scope="row" | 省略号 / 省略號 / Shengluehao
! scope="row" | 省略号 / 省略號 / Shengluehao
| Text…… || Indicates omitted meanings || ✓ || ✓ || Ellipses
| Text…… || Indicates omitted meanings || ✓ || ✓ || Ellipses
|-
! scope="row" | 破折号 / 破折號 / Pozhehao
| Text——Text || Separates title from subtitle and indicates breakage in thought || ✓ || ✓ || Two em dashes
|}
|}


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All punctuations should be full-width.
All punctuations should be full-width.


=== Transliteration into Latin script ===
== Transliteration into Latin script 翻譯至拉丁文字 ==
Chinese releases may be transliterated into Latin script, usually as Pseudo-Releases. While there are many romanization systems for Chinese, [[Wikipedia:Hanyu Pinyin|Hanyu Pinyin]] is the most common in MusicBrainz. In Hanyu Pinyin, only the first letter of a sentence and proper nouns should be capitalized.<ref>More detailed writing rules can be found in ''[http://www.pinyin.info/readings/zyg/rules.html Basic Rules of Hanyu Pinyin Orthography]''.</ref>
Chinese releases may be transliterated into Latin script, usually as Pseudo-Releases. While there are many romanization systems for Chinese, [[Wikipedia:Hanyu Pinyin|Hanyu Pinyin]] is the most common in MusicBrainz. In Hanyu Pinyin, only the first letter of a sentence and proper nouns should be capitalized.<ref>More detailed writing rules can be found in ''[http://www.pinyin.info/readings/zyg/rules.html Basic Rules of Hanyu Pinyin Orthography]''.</ref>


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* [[Release:d3682b57-863f-46c5-ac0d-c5efb6f80dc5|Wáng Fēi]] (Hanyu Pinyin transliteration of [[Release:1f4c4892-2039-4545-9658-5f15248c7861|王菲]])
* [[Release:d3682b57-863f-46c5-ac0d-c5efb6f80dc5|Wáng Fēi]] (Hanyu Pinyin transliteration of [[Release:1f4c4892-2039-4545-9658-5f15248c7861|王菲]])


=== Multiple Languages ===
== Multiple Languages 多種語言 ==
When foreign languages are mixed with Chinese in release or track titles they should be capitalized according to the [[Capitalization Standard]] of that language. There should not be a space between words in Latin script and Chinese characters (for example, "親愛的Jazz" not "親愛的 Jazz"). There also should not be a space between numbers and Chinese characters (for example, "第1個" not "第 1 個"). The only spaces permitted are those between words in Latin script.
When foreign languages are mixed with Chinese in release or track titles they should be capitalized according to the [[Capitalization Standard]] of that language. There should not be a space between words in Latin script and Chinese characters (for example, "親愛的Jazz" not "親愛的 Jazz"). There also should not be a space between numbers and Chinese characters (for example, "第1個" not "第 1 個"). The only spaces permitted are those between words in Latin script.



Latest revision as of 02:40, 26 January 2019

Han script 漢字

Chinese characters, also known as Han characters, have no capitalization.

In general, contemporary spoken Chinese and written Chinese are separate systems of language. All variants of spoken Chinese use Chinese characters to convey meaning, but how each Chinese character is pronounced is different due to dialectic differences. In MusicBrainz, Mandarin Chinese, Yue Chinese and Min Nan Chinese refer to different forms of spoken Chinese. These forms of spoken Chinese might have slight vocabulary differences (similar to how Scottish English sometimes uses "wee" as opposed to "little"), but the script they correspond to must either be Han Simplified (hans) or Han Traditional (hant). Han (hanzi, hanja, kanji) should only be used when the script is unclear or to describe a work whose manifestation can be in either traditional or simplified characters.

Simplified and traditional Chinese characters 繁體及簡化字

There are two schemes of Chinese characters currently in use: simplified Chinese and traditional Chinese. Simplified Chinese is used predominantly in mainland China, Malaysia and Singapore, whereas traditional Chinese is used mainly in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. Editors should follow the scheme used by the release. Normally, characters from one scheme is not used together with the other; exceptions to this rule should only be made to respect artist intent.

Simplified and traditional Chinese characters could be easily translated between each other using popular translation websites. However, because simplified Chinese is a simplification of traditional Chinese, a single simplified Chinese character could correspond to multiple traditional Chinese characters. Therefore, translations should be only be performed on traditional Chinese to simplified Chinese, but not the reverse.

Non-standard form characters 異體字

Due to the lack of character standardization, some Chinese characters could be written in several ways and are included in Unicode as different glyphs. Only standard characters should be used for official tracklists. For alternative "as-is" tracklists, any non-standard character should follow the character form printed on the release.

Punctuation 標點符號

Chinese punctuation differs slightly between different regions. The following is a table of common Chinese punctuations.

Commonly Used Punctuations
Name
(Simp / Trad / Pinyin)
Symbol Description Simp.
Chinese
Trad.
Chinese
English Equivalent
句号 / 句號 / Juhao Text。 Marks the end of a sentence Period/full-stop
逗号 / 逗號 / Douhao Text,Text Marks the end of a phrase Comma
顿号 / 頓號 / Dunhao Text1、Text2 Separates items in a list Comma (in a list)
问号 / 問號 / Wenhao Text? Indicates a question Question mark
感叹号 / 感嘆號 / Gantanhao Text!  Indicates exclamation Exclamation mark
冒号 / 冒號 / Maohao Text:Text Indicates a list to be followed Colon
分号 / 分號 / Fenhao Text;Text Marks a break in a sentence Semi-colon
括号 / 括號 / Kuohao (Text) Separates phrases Parentheses
引号 / 引號 / Yinhao 「Text」 Indicates speech Apostrophe
“Text”
书名号 / 書名號 / Shuminghao 《Text》 Indicates title of a creative work (None)
省略号 / 省略號 / Shengluehao Text…… Indicates omitted meanings Ellipses
破折号 / 破折號 / Pozhehao Text——Text Separates title from subtitle and indicates breakage in thought Two em dashes


All punctuations should be full-width.

Transliteration into Latin script 翻譯至拉丁文字

Chinese releases may be transliterated into Latin script, usually as Pseudo-Releases. While there are many romanization systems for Chinese, Hanyu Pinyin is the most common in MusicBrainz. In Hanyu Pinyin, only the first letter of a sentence and proper nouns should be capitalized.[1]

Examples:

Multiple Languages 多種語言

When foreign languages are mixed with Chinese in release or track titles they should be capitalized according to the Capitalization Standard of that language. There should not be a space between words in Latin script and Chinese characters (for example, "親愛的Jazz" not "親愛的 Jazz"). There also should not be a space between numbers and Chinese characters (for example, "第1個" not "第 1 個"). The only spaces permitted are those between words in Latin script.

Examples:



Notes

  1. More detailed writing rules can be found in Basic Rules of Hanyu Pinyin Orthography.


Style
Overview
Title Style
Entities
Relationships
Classical
Special Cases/Misc.
Languages